Life Cycle Assessment of Fungal-Based Composite Bricks

Fungal-based composites as substitutes for construction materials might represent a promising solution to reduce the environmental burdens of the building industry. Such composites can be produced biotechnologically through the cultivation of multicellular fungi that form dense mycelia whilst growin...

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Autores principales:	Lisa Stelzer, Friederike Hoberg, Vanessa Bach, Bertram Schmidt, Sven Pfeiffer, Vera Meyer, Matthias Finkbeiner
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	life cycle assessment fungal-based composites composite material construction material climate change architecture Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f465bc167ec94f61af39617b75f9bc30
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:f465bc167ec94f61af39617b75f9bc30
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f465bc167ec94f61af39617b75f9bc302021-11-11T19:20:49ZLife Cycle Assessment of Fungal-Based Composite Bricks10.3390/su1321115732071-1050https://doaj.org/article/f465bc167ec94f61af39617b75f9bc302021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/21/11573https://doaj.org/toc/2071-1050Fungal-based composites as substitutes for construction materials might represent a promising solution to reduce the environmental burdens of the building industry. Such composites can be produced biotechnologically through the cultivation of multicellular fungi that form dense mycelia whilst growing into and onto residual plant biomass from agriculture and forestry. As comprehensive environmental assessments are missing, this paper conducts a life cycle assessment for fungal-based composite bricks considering the categories of climate change, eutrophication, acidification, smog, water scarcity, and land use. Electricity for sterilization, incubation, and the drying process led to 81.4% of a total 0.494 total kg CO<sub>2</sub> eq. for climate change and 58.7% of a total 9.39 × 10<sup>−4</sup> kg SO<sub>2</sub> eq. for acidification. Further, hemp shives and grain mix were identified as hotspots for eutrophication (77.7% of 6.02 × 10<sup>−4</sup> kg PO<sub>4</sub><sup>−3</sup> eq.) and land use (81.8% of 19.4 kg Pt eq.). However, the use of hemp shives, rapeseed straw, or poplar wood chips did not differ in the environmental impacts. Further, lab-scale production was compared with industrial scale-up, which is mostly characterized by energy efficiency showing reduced impacts for all considered categories, e.g., a decrease of 68% in climate change. Recycling should be included in future studies as well as considering the use and end-of-life phase.Lisa StelzerFriederike HobergVanessa BachBertram SchmidtSven PfeifferVera MeyerMatthias FinkbeinerMDPI AGarticlelife cycle assessmentfungal-based compositescomposite materialconstruction materialclimate changearchitectureEnvironmental effects of industries and plantsTD194-195Renewable energy sourcesTJ807-830Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENSustainability, Vol 13, Iss 11573, p 11573 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	life cycle assessment fungal-based composites composite material construction material climate change architecture Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	life cycle assessment fungal-based composites composite material construction material climate change architecture Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Lisa Stelzer Friederike Hoberg Vanessa Bach Bertram Schmidt Sven Pfeiffer Vera Meyer Matthias Finkbeiner Life Cycle Assessment of Fungal-Based Composite Bricks
description	Fungal-based composites as substitutes for construction materials might represent a promising solution to reduce the environmental burdens of the building industry. Such composites can be produced biotechnologically through the cultivation of multicellular fungi that form dense mycelia whilst growing into and onto residual plant biomass from agriculture and forestry. As comprehensive environmental assessments are missing, this paper conducts a life cycle assessment for fungal-based composite bricks considering the categories of climate change, eutrophication, acidification, smog, water scarcity, and land use. Electricity for sterilization, incubation, and the drying process led to 81.4% of a total 0.494 total kg CO<sub>2</sub> eq. for climate change and 58.7% of a total 9.39 × 10<sup>−4</sup> kg SO<sub>2</sub> eq. for acidification. Further, hemp shives and grain mix were identified as hotspots for eutrophication (77.7% of 6.02 × 10<sup>−4</sup> kg PO<sub>4</sub><sup>−3</sup> eq.) and land use (81.8% of 19.4 kg Pt eq.). However, the use of hemp shives, rapeseed straw, or poplar wood chips did not differ in the environmental impacts. Further, lab-scale production was compared with industrial scale-up, which is mostly characterized by energy efficiency showing reduced impacts for all considered categories, e.g., a decrease of 68% in climate change. Recycling should be included in future studies as well as considering the use and end-of-life phase.
format	article
author	Lisa Stelzer Friederike Hoberg Vanessa Bach Bertram Schmidt Sven Pfeiffer Vera Meyer Matthias Finkbeiner
author_facet	Lisa Stelzer Friederike Hoberg Vanessa Bach Bertram Schmidt Sven Pfeiffer Vera Meyer Matthias Finkbeiner
author_sort	Lisa Stelzer
title	Life Cycle Assessment of Fungal-Based Composite Bricks
title_short	Life Cycle Assessment of Fungal-Based Composite Bricks
title_full	Life Cycle Assessment of Fungal-Based Composite Bricks
title_fullStr	Life Cycle Assessment of Fungal-Based Composite Bricks
title_full_unstemmed	Life Cycle Assessment of Fungal-Based Composite Bricks
title_sort	life cycle assessment of fungal-based composite bricks
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f465bc167ec94f61af39617b75f9bc30
work_keys_str_mv	AT lisastelzer lifecycleassessmentoffungalbasedcompositebricks AT friederikehoberg lifecycleassessmentoffungalbasedcompositebricks AT vanessabach lifecycleassessmentoffungalbasedcompositebricks AT bertramschmidt lifecycleassessmentoffungalbasedcompositebricks AT svenpfeiffer lifecycleassessmentoffungalbasedcompositebricks AT verameyer lifecycleassessmentoffungalbasedcompositebricks AT matthiasfinkbeiner lifecycleassessmentoffungalbasedcompositebricks
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Life Cycle Assessment of Fungal-Based Composite Bricks

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