<i>Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans</i> and <i>Aggregatibacter aphrophilus</i> in a Kenyan Maasai Adolescent Population and Inhibition of Leukotoxic Activity by Herbal Plants Used as Part of Oral Hygiene Procedures
Background: A virulent genotype (JP2) of the periodonto-pathogen, <i>Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans</i> (<i>Aa</i>), is widespread in North and West Africa, while its presence in East Africa has not been thoroughly investigated. This JP2 genotype is associated with per...
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN |
| Publicado: |
MDPI AG
2021
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/f46e0d7b086c432bb04e73d48018880b |
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| Sumario: | Background: A virulent genotype (JP2) of the periodonto-pathogen, <i>Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans</i> (<i>Aa</i>), is widespread in North and West Africa, while its presence in East Africa has not been thoroughly investigated. This JP2 genotype is associated with periodontitis in adolescents and has a high leukotoxicity. The aim of the study was to examine the prevalence of <i>Aa</i> and its JP2 genotype, the prevalence of the oral, commensal <i>Aggregatibacter aphrophilus</i> in a Maasai adolescent population, and the effect of herbal plants for inhibition of leukotoxicity. Methods: A total of 284 adolescents from Maasai Mara, Kenya, underwent an oral examination and microbial sampling. The presence of <i>Aa</i> and <i>A. aphrophilus</i> was analyzed by quantitative PCR and cultivation (the 58 samples collected at the last day of field study). The collected <i>Aa</i> strains were characterized and leukotoxin promoter typed. Additionally, herbal plants commonly used for oral hygiene were assessed for the inhibition of leukotoxicity. Results and Conclusions: The prevalence of <i>Aa</i> in stimulated whole saliva was high (71.8%), with the JP2 genotype detected in one individual, and <i>A. aphrophilus</i> in 99% of the sampled individuals. The commonly used herbal plant, <i>Warburgia ugandensis</i>, inactivated <i>Aa</i> leukotoxicity. The <i>Aa</i> virulence might be reduced through use of <i>W. ugandensis</i> and the high levels of <i>A. aphrophilus</i>. |
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