Explorative Study of Aquaponics Systems in Indonesia

Aquaponics is the combined cultivation of fish in aquaculture systems and plants in hydroponic systems. This study aimed to explore and evaluate new aquaponics system designs in Jakarta, Indonesia, in terms of water and nutrient efficiency, and/or profitability. In total, one brackish water system w...

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Autores principales:	Nurhayati Br Tarigan, Simon Goddek, Karel J. Keesman
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	modeling aquaponics freshwater brackish water nutrient and water use efficiency economic analysis Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f4819415e24b4dbc92536e046b8efce1
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:f4819415e24b4dbc92536e046b8efce1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f4819415e24b4dbc92536e046b8efce12021-11-25T19:03:28ZExplorative Study of Aquaponics Systems in Indonesia10.3390/su1322126852071-1050https://doaj.org/article/f4819415e24b4dbc92536e046b8efce12021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/22/12685https://doaj.org/toc/2071-1050Aquaponics is the combined cultivation of fish in aquaculture systems and plants in hydroponic systems. This study aimed to explore and evaluate new aquaponics system designs in Jakarta, Indonesia, in terms of water and nutrient efficiency, and/or profitability. In total, one brackish water system with barramundi and tomato (BW) and three freshwater systems with Nile tilapia, rice, and duckweed (FW + DW), Nile tilapia and rice (FW − DW), and Nile tilapia and tomato (FW-tomato) were investigated using dynamic mathematical models. The results showed an increase of N, P, and water use efficiency by 10%, 18%, and 31%, respectively, in FW-tomato compare to FW − DW. Meanwhile, FW + DW only slightly increased the efficiency but worsened the already negative net present value (NPV) of FW − DW due to the high land prices. The BW system had similar water and nutrient efficiency to FW-tomato, but lower NPV. Profit of the BW and FW-tomato becomes comparable if the hydroponic area in the BW system can be expanded by 35%, or the selling price of tomato or fish in the BW can be increased by 20%. Given the expected growth of both the production of tomatoes and aquaculture in Indonesia, there is potential for further introduction of aquaponics systems in Indonesia.Nurhayati Br TariganSimon GoddekKarel J. KeesmanMDPI AGarticlemodelingaquaponicsfreshwaterbrackish waternutrient and water use efficiencyeconomic analysisEnvironmental effects of industries and plantsTD194-195Renewable energy sourcesTJ807-830Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENSustainability, Vol 13, Iss 12685, p 12685 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	modeling aquaponics freshwater brackish water nutrient and water use efficiency economic analysis Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	modeling aquaponics freshwater brackish water nutrient and water use efficiency economic analysis Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Nurhayati Br Tarigan Simon Goddek Karel J. Keesman Explorative Study of Aquaponics Systems in Indonesia
description	Aquaponics is the combined cultivation of fish in aquaculture systems and plants in hydroponic systems. This study aimed to explore and evaluate new aquaponics system designs in Jakarta, Indonesia, in terms of water and nutrient efficiency, and/or profitability. In total, one brackish water system with barramundi and tomato (BW) and three freshwater systems with Nile tilapia, rice, and duckweed (FW + DW), Nile tilapia and rice (FW − DW), and Nile tilapia and tomato (FW-tomato) were investigated using dynamic mathematical models. The results showed an increase of N, P, and water use efficiency by 10%, 18%, and 31%, respectively, in FW-tomato compare to FW − DW. Meanwhile, FW + DW only slightly increased the efficiency but worsened the already negative net present value (NPV) of FW − DW due to the high land prices. The BW system had similar water and nutrient efficiency to FW-tomato, but lower NPV. Profit of the BW and FW-tomato becomes comparable if the hydroponic area in the BW system can be expanded by 35%, or the selling price of tomato or fish in the BW can be increased by 20%. Given the expected growth of both the production of tomatoes and aquaculture in Indonesia, there is potential for further introduction of aquaponics systems in Indonesia.
format	article
author	Nurhayati Br Tarigan Simon Goddek Karel J. Keesman
author_facet	Nurhayati Br Tarigan Simon Goddek Karel J. Keesman
author_sort	Nurhayati Br Tarigan
title	Explorative Study of Aquaponics Systems in Indonesia
title_short	Explorative Study of Aquaponics Systems in Indonesia
title_full	Explorative Study of Aquaponics Systems in Indonesia
title_fullStr	Explorative Study of Aquaponics Systems in Indonesia
title_full_unstemmed	Explorative Study of Aquaponics Systems in Indonesia
title_sort	explorative study of aquaponics systems in indonesia
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f4819415e24b4dbc92536e046b8efce1
work_keys_str_mv	AT nurhayatibrtarigan explorativestudyofaquaponicssystemsinindonesia AT simongoddek explorativestudyofaquaponicssystemsinindonesia AT kareljkeesman explorativestudyofaquaponicssystemsinindonesia
_version_	1718410377250734080

Explorative Study of Aquaponics Systems in Indonesia

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