Applicability of soil moisture sensors for monitoring water dynamics in rock: A field test in weathered limestone

Abstract Rock moisture in the vadose zone, while recognized as important, is rarely monitored—in part because adequate instrumentation and installation techniques are lacking. The objectives of this work were (a) to test the applicability of a commercially available capacitance soil moisture sensor...

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Autores principales: Pedro A. M. Leite, Bradford P. Wilcox, Kevin J. McInnes, John W. Walker
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Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: Wiley 2021
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:f4c3965c03c34ade8f44e39daec40edb2021-11-25T13:30:33ZApplicability of soil moisture sensors for monitoring water dynamics in rock: A field test in weathered limestone1539-166310.1002/vzj2.20164https://doaj.org/article/f4c3965c03c34ade8f44e39daec40edb2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1002/vzj2.20164https://doaj.org/toc/1539-1663Abstract Rock moisture in the vadose zone, while recognized as important, is rarely monitored—in part because adequate instrumentation and installation techniques are lacking. The objectives of this work were (a) to test the applicability of a commercially available capacitance soil moisture sensor (EC‐5, METER Group) for continuously monitoring the water content of weathered limestone; and (b) to contrast the water dynamics of rock matrix with that of rock fractures. At a site in the Edwards Plateau, Texas, we developed a protocol for installing sensors in limestone pits and tested its effectiveness in reducing erroneous readings caused by installation‐induced preferential flow along pit walls. Our results show that rock moisture can be accurately measured with EC‐5 sensors, provided some steps are taken to ensure the quality of the installation. These include protecting the sensors by installing them in horizontal shafts rather than on the exposed pit wall, and use of a sealant. Data gathered over 7 mo after installation showed that rock moisture increased significantly only after a 95‐mm rainfall event. Because of preferential flow, fractures reached peak water content within 2–3 h after peak rainfall—a response that was one to two orders of magnitude faster than in rock matrix. Limestone stored 40–70% of the water after the 95‐mm event, and its water content decreased significantly during summer months. Overall, our results attest to the importance of continuously measuring rock moisture in regions with shallow soils, where it serves as a critical reservoir for vegetation.Pedro A. M. LeiteBradford P. WilcoxKevin J. McInnesJohn W. WalkerWileyarticleEnvironmental sciencesGE1-350GeologyQE1-996.5ENVadose Zone Journal, Vol 20, Iss 6, Pp n/a-n/a (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic Environmental sciences
GE1-350
Geology
QE1-996.5
spellingShingle Environmental sciences
GE1-350
Geology
QE1-996.5
Pedro A. M. Leite
Bradford P. Wilcox
Kevin J. McInnes
John W. Walker
Applicability of soil moisture sensors for monitoring water dynamics in rock: A field test in weathered limestone
description Abstract Rock moisture in the vadose zone, while recognized as important, is rarely monitored—in part because adequate instrumentation and installation techniques are lacking. The objectives of this work were (a) to test the applicability of a commercially available capacitance soil moisture sensor (EC‐5, METER Group) for continuously monitoring the water content of weathered limestone; and (b) to contrast the water dynamics of rock matrix with that of rock fractures. At a site in the Edwards Plateau, Texas, we developed a protocol for installing sensors in limestone pits and tested its effectiveness in reducing erroneous readings caused by installation‐induced preferential flow along pit walls. Our results show that rock moisture can be accurately measured with EC‐5 sensors, provided some steps are taken to ensure the quality of the installation. These include protecting the sensors by installing them in horizontal shafts rather than on the exposed pit wall, and use of a sealant. Data gathered over 7 mo after installation showed that rock moisture increased significantly only after a 95‐mm rainfall event. Because of preferential flow, fractures reached peak water content within 2–3 h after peak rainfall—a response that was one to two orders of magnitude faster than in rock matrix. Limestone stored 40–70% of the water after the 95‐mm event, and its water content decreased significantly during summer months. Overall, our results attest to the importance of continuously measuring rock moisture in regions with shallow soils, where it serves as a critical reservoir for vegetation.
format article
author Pedro A. M. Leite
Bradford P. Wilcox
Kevin J. McInnes
John W. Walker
author_facet Pedro A. M. Leite
Bradford P. Wilcox
Kevin J. McInnes
John W. Walker
author_sort Pedro A. M. Leite
title Applicability of soil moisture sensors for monitoring water dynamics in rock: A field test in weathered limestone
title_short Applicability of soil moisture sensors for monitoring water dynamics in rock: A field test in weathered limestone
title_full Applicability of soil moisture sensors for monitoring water dynamics in rock: A field test in weathered limestone
title_fullStr Applicability of soil moisture sensors for monitoring water dynamics in rock: A field test in weathered limestone
title_full_unstemmed Applicability of soil moisture sensors for monitoring water dynamics in rock: A field test in weathered limestone
title_sort applicability of soil moisture sensors for monitoring water dynamics in rock: a field test in weathered limestone
publisher Wiley
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/f4c3965c03c34ade8f44e39daec40edb
work_keys_str_mv AT pedroamleite applicabilityofsoilmoisturesensorsformonitoringwaterdynamicsinrockafieldtestinweatheredlimestone
AT bradfordpwilcox applicabilityofsoilmoisturesensorsformonitoringwaterdynamicsinrockafieldtestinweatheredlimestone
AT kevinjmcinnes applicabilityofsoilmoisturesensorsformonitoringwaterdynamicsinrockafieldtestinweatheredlimestone
AT johnwwalker applicabilityofsoilmoisturesensorsformonitoringwaterdynamicsinrockafieldtestinweatheredlimestone
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