A Validated Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Coupled with SPE-HPLC-DAD for the Determination of Flavonoids in By-Products of Plant Origin: An Application Study for the Valorization of the Walnut Septum Membrane

Walnut byproducts have been shown to exert functional properties, but the literature on their bioactive content is still scarce. Among walnut byproducts, walnut septum is a dry ligneous diaphragm tissue that divides the two halves of the kernel, exhibiting nutritional and medicinal properties. These...

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Autores principales:	Natasa P. Kalogiouri, Victoria F. Samanidou
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	walnut septum UAE SPE flavonoids functional HPLC-DAD Organic chemistry QD241-441
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f507e58b70794f9ca62fd685c15236ef
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f507e58b70794f9ca62fd685c15236ef2021-11-11T18:26:14ZA Validated Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Coupled with SPE-HPLC-DAD for the Determination of Flavonoids in By-Products of Plant Origin: An Application Study for the Valorization of the Walnut Septum Membrane10.3390/molecules262164181420-3049https://doaj.org/article/f507e58b70794f9ca62fd685c15236ef2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/21/6418https://doaj.org/toc/1420-3049Walnut byproducts have been shown to exert functional properties, but the literature on their bioactive content is still scarce. Among walnut byproducts, walnut septum is a dry ligneous diaphragm tissue that divides the two halves of the kernel, exhibiting nutritional and medicinal properties. These functional properties are owing to its flavonoid content, and in order to explore the flavonoid fraction, an ultrasound-assisted (UAE) protocol was combined with solid phase extraction (SPE) and coupled to high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) for the determination of flavonoids in Greek walnut septa membranes belonging to Chandler, Vina, and Franquette varieties. The proposed UAE-SPE-HPLC-DAD method was validated and the relative standard deviations (RSD%) of the within-day and between-day assays were lower than 6.2 and 8.5, respectively, showing good precision, and high accuracy ranging from 90.8 (apigenin) to 97.5% (catechin) for within-day assay, and from 88.5 (myricetin) to 96.2% (catechin) for between-day assay. Overall, seven flavonoids were determined (catechin, rutin, myricetin, luteolin, quercetin, apigenin, and kaempferol) suggesting that the walnut septum is a rich source of bioactive constituents. The quantification results were further processed using ANOVA analysis to examine if there are statistically significant differences between the concentration of each flavonoid and the variety of the walnut septum.Natasa P. KalogiouriVictoria F. SamanidouMDPI AGarticlewalnut septumUAESPEflavonoidsfunctionalHPLC-DADOrganic chemistryQD241-441ENMolecules, Vol 26, Iss 6418, p 6418 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	walnut septum UAE SPE flavonoids functional HPLC-DAD Organic chemistry QD241-441
spellingShingle	walnut septum UAE SPE flavonoids functional HPLC-DAD Organic chemistry QD241-441 Natasa P. Kalogiouri Victoria F. Samanidou A Validated Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Coupled with SPE-HPLC-DAD for the Determination of Flavonoids in By-Products of Plant Origin: An Application Study for the Valorization of the Walnut Septum Membrane
description	Walnut byproducts have been shown to exert functional properties, but the literature on their bioactive content is still scarce. Among walnut byproducts, walnut septum is a dry ligneous diaphragm tissue that divides the two halves of the kernel, exhibiting nutritional and medicinal properties. These functional properties are owing to its flavonoid content, and in order to explore the flavonoid fraction, an ultrasound-assisted (UAE) protocol was combined with solid phase extraction (SPE) and coupled to high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) for the determination of flavonoids in Greek walnut septa membranes belonging to Chandler, Vina, and Franquette varieties. The proposed UAE-SPE-HPLC-DAD method was validated and the relative standard deviations (RSD%) of the within-day and between-day assays were lower than 6.2 and 8.5, respectively, showing good precision, and high accuracy ranging from 90.8 (apigenin) to 97.5% (catechin) for within-day assay, and from 88.5 (myricetin) to 96.2% (catechin) for between-day assay. Overall, seven flavonoids were determined (catechin, rutin, myricetin, luteolin, quercetin, apigenin, and kaempferol) suggesting that the walnut septum is a rich source of bioactive constituents. The quantification results were further processed using ANOVA analysis to examine if there are statistically significant differences between the concentration of each flavonoid and the variety of the walnut septum.
format	article
author	Natasa P. Kalogiouri Victoria F. Samanidou
author_facet	Natasa P. Kalogiouri Victoria F. Samanidou
author_sort	Natasa P. Kalogiouri
title	A Validated Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Coupled with SPE-HPLC-DAD for the Determination of Flavonoids in By-Products of Plant Origin: An Application Study for the Valorization of the Walnut Septum Membrane
title_short	A Validated Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Coupled with SPE-HPLC-DAD for the Determination of Flavonoids in By-Products of Plant Origin: An Application Study for the Valorization of the Walnut Septum Membrane
title_full	A Validated Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Coupled with SPE-HPLC-DAD for the Determination of Flavonoids in By-Products of Plant Origin: An Application Study for the Valorization of the Walnut Septum Membrane
title_fullStr	A Validated Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Coupled with SPE-HPLC-DAD for the Determination of Flavonoids in By-Products of Plant Origin: An Application Study for the Valorization of the Walnut Septum Membrane
title_full_unstemmed	A Validated Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Coupled with SPE-HPLC-DAD for the Determination of Flavonoids in By-Products of Plant Origin: An Application Study for the Valorization of the Walnut Septum Membrane
title_sort	validated ultrasound-assisted extraction coupled with spe-hplc-dad for the determination of flavonoids in by-products of plant origin: an application study for the valorization of the walnut septum membrane
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f507e58b70794f9ca62fd685c15236ef
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A Validated Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Coupled with SPE-HPLC-DAD for the Determination of Flavonoids in By-Products of Plant Origin: An Application Study for the Valorization of the Walnut Septum Membrane

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