Mammalian rest/activity patterns explained by physiologically based modeling.

Circadian rhythms are fundamental to life. In mammals, these rhythms are generated by pacemaker neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus. The SCN is remarkably consistent in structure and function between species, yet mammalian rest/activity patterns are extremely diverse, in...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	A J K Phillips, B D Fulcher, P A Robinson, E B Klerman
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f514603aaecf44728cfc67e4f16df174
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:f514603aaecf44728cfc67e4f16df174
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f514603aaecf44728cfc67e4f16df1742021-11-18T05:53:36ZMammalian rest/activity patterns explained by physiologically based modeling.1553-734X1553-735810.1371/journal.pcbi.1003213https://doaj.org/article/f514603aaecf44728cfc67e4f16df1742013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24039566/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-734Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-7358Circadian rhythms are fundamental to life. In mammals, these rhythms are generated by pacemaker neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus. The SCN is remarkably consistent in structure and function between species, yet mammalian rest/activity patterns are extremely diverse, including diurnal, nocturnal, and crepuscular behaviors. Two mechanisms have been proposed to account for this diversity: (i) modulation of SCN output by downstream nuclei, and (ii) direct effects of light on activity. These two mechanisms are difficult to disentangle experimentally and their respective roles remain unknown. To address this, we developed a computational model to simulate the two mechanisms and their influence on temporal niche. In our model, SCN output is relayed via the subparaventricular zone (SPZ) to the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH), and thence to ventrolateral preoptic nuclei (VLPO) and lateral hypothalamus (LHA). Using this model, we generated rich phenotypes that closely resemble experimental data. Modulation of SCN output at the SPZ was found to generate a full spectrum of diurnal-to-nocturnal phenotypes. Intriguingly, we also uncovered a novel mechanism for crepuscular behavior: if DMH/VLPO and DMH/LHA projections act cooperatively, daily activity is unimodal, but if they act competitively, activity can become bimodal. In addition, we successfully reproduced diurnal/nocturnal switching in the rodent Octodon degu using coordinated inversions in both masking and circadian modulation. Finally, the model correctly predicted the SCN lesion phenotype in squirrel monkeys: loss of circadian rhythmicity and emergence of ∼4-h sleep/wake cycles. In capturing these diverse phenotypes, the model provides a powerful new framework for understanding rest/activity patterns and relating them to underlying physiology. Given the ubiquitous effects of temporal organization on all aspects of animal behavior and physiology, this study sheds light on the physiological changes required to orchestrate adaptation to various temporal niches.A J K PhillipsB D FulcherP A RobinsonE B KlermanPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Computational Biology, Vol 9, Iss 9, p e1003213 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Biology (General) QH301-705.5 A J K Phillips B D Fulcher P A Robinson E B Klerman Mammalian rest/activity patterns explained by physiologically based modeling.
description	Circadian rhythms are fundamental to life. In mammals, these rhythms are generated by pacemaker neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus. The SCN is remarkably consistent in structure and function between species, yet mammalian rest/activity patterns are extremely diverse, including diurnal, nocturnal, and crepuscular behaviors. Two mechanisms have been proposed to account for this diversity: (i) modulation of SCN output by downstream nuclei, and (ii) direct effects of light on activity. These two mechanisms are difficult to disentangle experimentally and their respective roles remain unknown. To address this, we developed a computational model to simulate the two mechanisms and their influence on temporal niche. In our model, SCN output is relayed via the subparaventricular zone (SPZ) to the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH), and thence to ventrolateral preoptic nuclei (VLPO) and lateral hypothalamus (LHA). Using this model, we generated rich phenotypes that closely resemble experimental data. Modulation of SCN output at the SPZ was found to generate a full spectrum of diurnal-to-nocturnal phenotypes. Intriguingly, we also uncovered a novel mechanism for crepuscular behavior: if DMH/VLPO and DMH/LHA projections act cooperatively, daily activity is unimodal, but if they act competitively, activity can become bimodal. In addition, we successfully reproduced diurnal/nocturnal switching in the rodent Octodon degu using coordinated inversions in both masking and circadian modulation. Finally, the model correctly predicted the SCN lesion phenotype in squirrel monkeys: loss of circadian rhythmicity and emergence of ∼4-h sleep/wake cycles. In capturing these diverse phenotypes, the model provides a powerful new framework for understanding rest/activity patterns and relating them to underlying physiology. Given the ubiquitous effects of temporal organization on all aspects of animal behavior and physiology, this study sheds light on the physiological changes required to orchestrate adaptation to various temporal niches.
format	article
author	A J K Phillips B D Fulcher P A Robinson E B Klerman
author_facet	A J K Phillips B D Fulcher P A Robinson E B Klerman
author_sort	A J K Phillips
title	Mammalian rest/activity patterns explained by physiologically based modeling.
title_short	Mammalian rest/activity patterns explained by physiologically based modeling.
title_full	Mammalian rest/activity patterns explained by physiologically based modeling.
title_fullStr	Mammalian rest/activity patterns explained by physiologically based modeling.
title_full_unstemmed	Mammalian rest/activity patterns explained by physiologically based modeling.
title_sort	mammalian rest/activity patterns explained by physiologically based modeling.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/f514603aaecf44728cfc67e4f16df174
work_keys_str_mv	AT ajkphillips mammalianrestactivitypatternsexplainedbyphysiologicallybasedmodeling AT bdfulcher mammalianrestactivitypatternsexplainedbyphysiologicallybasedmodeling AT parobinson mammalianrestactivitypatternsexplainedbyphysiologicallybasedmodeling AT ebklerman mammalianrestactivitypatternsexplainedbyphysiologicallybasedmodeling
_version_	1718424703350079488

Mammalian rest/activity patterns explained by physiologically based modeling.

Ejemplares similares