Transcription factors Krüppel-like factor 4 and paired box 5 regulate the expression of the Grainyhead-like genes.

Genes from the Grainyhead-like (GRHL) family code for transcription factors necessary for the development and maintenance of various epithelia. These genes are also very important in the development of many types of cancer. However, little is known about the regulation of expression of GRHL genes. P...

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Autores principales:	Grzegorz Kotarba, Agnieszka Taracha-Wisniewska, Michal Miller, Michal Dabrowski, Tomasz Wilanowski
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f52206373bc84aff88485b8b6fad0182
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f52206373bc84aff88485b8b6fad01822021-12-02T20:17:27ZTranscription factors Krüppel-like factor 4 and paired box 5 regulate the expression of the Grainyhead-like genes.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0257977https://doaj.org/article/f52206373bc84aff88485b8b6fad01822021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257977https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Genes from the Grainyhead-like (GRHL) family code for transcription factors necessary for the development and maintenance of various epithelia. These genes are also very important in the development of many types of cancer. However, little is known about the regulation of expression of GRHL genes. Previously, there were no systematic analyses of the promoters of GRHL genes or transcription factors that bind to these promoters. Here we report that the Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) and the paired box 5 factor (PAX5) bind to the regulatory regions of the GRHL genes and regulate their expression. Ectopic expression of KLF4 or PAX5 alters the expression of GRHL genes. In KLF4-overexpressing HEK293 cells, the expression of GRHL1 and GRHL3 genes was upregulated by 32% and 60%, respectively, whereas the mRNA level of GRHL2 gene was lowered by 28% when compared to the respective controls. The levels of GRHL1 and GRHL3 expression were decreased by 30% or 33% in PAX5-overexpressing HEK293 cells. The presence of minor frequency allele of single nucleotide polymorphism rs115898376 in the promoter of the GRHL1 gene affected the binding of KLF4 to this site. The evidence presented here suggests an important role of KLF4 and PAX5 in the regulation of expression of GRHL1-3 genes.Grzegorz KotarbaAgnieszka Taracha-WisniewskaMichal MillerMichal DabrowskiTomasz WilanowskiPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 9, p e0257977 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Grzegorz Kotarba Agnieszka Taracha-Wisniewska Michal Miller Michal Dabrowski Tomasz Wilanowski Transcription factors Krüppel-like factor 4 and paired box 5 regulate the expression of the Grainyhead-like genes.
description	Genes from the Grainyhead-like (GRHL) family code for transcription factors necessary for the development and maintenance of various epithelia. These genes are also very important in the development of many types of cancer. However, little is known about the regulation of expression of GRHL genes. Previously, there were no systematic analyses of the promoters of GRHL genes or transcription factors that bind to these promoters. Here we report that the Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) and the paired box 5 factor (PAX5) bind to the regulatory regions of the GRHL genes and regulate their expression. Ectopic expression of KLF4 or PAX5 alters the expression of GRHL genes. In KLF4-overexpressing HEK293 cells, the expression of GRHL1 and GRHL3 genes was upregulated by 32% and 60%, respectively, whereas the mRNA level of GRHL2 gene was lowered by 28% when compared to the respective controls. The levels of GRHL1 and GRHL3 expression were decreased by 30% or 33% in PAX5-overexpressing HEK293 cells. The presence of minor frequency allele of single nucleotide polymorphism rs115898376 in the promoter of the GRHL1 gene affected the binding of KLF4 to this site. The evidence presented here suggests an important role of KLF4 and PAX5 in the regulation of expression of GRHL1-3 genes.
format	article
author	Grzegorz Kotarba Agnieszka Taracha-Wisniewska Michal Miller Michal Dabrowski Tomasz Wilanowski
author_facet	Grzegorz Kotarba Agnieszka Taracha-Wisniewska Michal Miller Michal Dabrowski Tomasz Wilanowski
author_sort	Grzegorz Kotarba
title	Transcription factors Krüppel-like factor 4 and paired box 5 regulate the expression of the Grainyhead-like genes.
title_short	Transcription factors Krüppel-like factor 4 and paired box 5 regulate the expression of the Grainyhead-like genes.
title_full	Transcription factors Krüppel-like factor 4 and paired box 5 regulate the expression of the Grainyhead-like genes.
title_fullStr	Transcription factors Krüppel-like factor 4 and paired box 5 regulate the expression of the Grainyhead-like genes.
title_full_unstemmed	Transcription factors Krüppel-like factor 4 and paired box 5 regulate the expression of the Grainyhead-like genes.
title_sort	transcription factors krüppel-like factor 4 and paired box 5 regulate the expression of the grainyhead-like genes.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f52206373bc84aff88485b8b6fad0182
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Transcription factors Krüppel-like factor 4 and paired box 5 regulate the expression of the Grainyhead-like genes.

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