Improving Ship Detection in Clutter-Edge and Multi-Target Scenarios for High-Frequency Radar

As one of the main sensors for continuous maritime measurements of sea state parameters, high-frequency surface wave radar (HFSWR) also plays an important role in ship detection and tracking. Compact HFSWR often suffers from missing targets, especially when the target appears near the Doppler region...

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Autores principales:	Zhiqing Yang, Hao Zhou, Yingwei Tian, Weimin Huang, Wei Shen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	hessian matrix HFSWR image edge detection multi-target sea clutter time–frequency analysis Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f533680cb484440f89b396ba2165d56f
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:f533680cb484440f89b396ba2165d56f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f533680cb484440f89b396ba2165d56f2021-11-11T18:53:33ZImproving Ship Detection in Clutter-Edge and Multi-Target Scenarios for High-Frequency Radar10.3390/rs132143052072-4292https://doaj.org/article/f533680cb484440f89b396ba2165d56f2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/21/4305https://doaj.org/toc/2072-4292As one of the main sensors for continuous maritime measurements of sea state parameters, high-frequency surface wave radar (HFSWR) also plays an important role in ship detection and tracking. Compact HFSWR often suffers from missing targets, especially when the target appears near the Doppler region with heavy sea clutter or near another target in a multi-target scenario. To address this problem, an automatic ship detection method based on time–frequency (TF) analysis is presented in this paper. The TF target ridge areas are extracted in the TF image via the eigenvalues of the Hessian matrix, image edge detection, and local maximum search. Then, whether ship signals exist in the TF ridges or not is decided by a decision threshold that is calculated by fitting the probability distribution function (PDF) of sea clutter in the TF domain. The proposed TF method can separate TF ridges of similar Doppler frequency and performs constant false alarm rate (CFAR) detection for TF targets, which facilitates detecting these targets that are masked by sea clutter and other large targets. Experimental results show that the number of detected ships that match with the automatic identification system (AIS) records is four times more than that obtained by the conventional constant false alarm rate (CFAR) detectors and 1.3 times more than that by the state-of-the-art TF method in consideration of approximately the same number of detected targets.Zhiqing YangHao ZhouYingwei TianWeimin HuangWei ShenMDPI AGarticlehessian matrixHFSWRimage edge detectionmulti-targetsea cluttertime–frequency analysisScienceQENRemote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 4305, p 4305 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	hessian matrix HFSWR image edge detection multi-target sea clutter time–frequency analysis Science Q
spellingShingle	hessian matrix HFSWR image edge detection multi-target sea clutter time–frequency analysis Science Q Zhiqing Yang Hao Zhou Yingwei Tian Weimin Huang Wei Shen Improving Ship Detection in Clutter-Edge and Multi-Target Scenarios for High-Frequency Radar
description	As one of the main sensors for continuous maritime measurements of sea state parameters, high-frequency surface wave radar (HFSWR) also plays an important role in ship detection and tracking. Compact HFSWR often suffers from missing targets, especially when the target appears near the Doppler region with heavy sea clutter or near another target in a multi-target scenario. To address this problem, an automatic ship detection method based on time–frequency (TF) analysis is presented in this paper. The TF target ridge areas are extracted in the TF image via the eigenvalues of the Hessian matrix, image edge detection, and local maximum search. Then, whether ship signals exist in the TF ridges or not is decided by a decision threshold that is calculated by fitting the probability distribution function (PDF) of sea clutter in the TF domain. The proposed TF method can separate TF ridges of similar Doppler frequency and performs constant false alarm rate (CFAR) detection for TF targets, which facilitates detecting these targets that are masked by sea clutter and other large targets. Experimental results show that the number of detected ships that match with the automatic identification system (AIS) records is four times more than that obtained by the conventional constant false alarm rate (CFAR) detectors and 1.3 times more than that by the state-of-the-art TF method in consideration of approximately the same number of detected targets.
format	article
author	Zhiqing Yang Hao Zhou Yingwei Tian Weimin Huang Wei Shen
author_facet	Zhiqing Yang Hao Zhou Yingwei Tian Weimin Huang Wei Shen
author_sort	Zhiqing Yang
title	Improving Ship Detection in Clutter-Edge and Multi-Target Scenarios for High-Frequency Radar
title_short	Improving Ship Detection in Clutter-Edge and Multi-Target Scenarios for High-Frequency Radar
title_full	Improving Ship Detection in Clutter-Edge and Multi-Target Scenarios for High-Frequency Radar
title_fullStr	Improving Ship Detection in Clutter-Edge and Multi-Target Scenarios for High-Frequency Radar
title_full_unstemmed	Improving Ship Detection in Clutter-Edge and Multi-Target Scenarios for High-Frequency Radar
title_sort	improving ship detection in clutter-edge and multi-target scenarios for high-frequency radar
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f533680cb484440f89b396ba2165d56f
work_keys_str_mv	AT zhiqingyang improvingshipdetectioninclutteredgeandmultitargetscenariosforhighfrequencyradar AT haozhou improvingshipdetectioninclutteredgeandmultitargetscenariosforhighfrequencyradar AT yingweitian improvingshipdetectioninclutteredgeandmultitargetscenariosforhighfrequencyradar AT weiminhuang improvingshipdetectioninclutteredgeandmultitargetscenariosforhighfrequencyradar AT weishen improvingshipdetectioninclutteredgeandmultitargetscenariosforhighfrequencyradar
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Improving Ship Detection in Clutter-Edge and Multi-Target Scenarios for High-Frequency Radar

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