OrfX, a Nucleomodulin Required for <italic toggle="yes">Listeria monocytogenes</italic> Virulence

ABSTRACT Listeria monocytogenes is a bacterial pathogen causing severe foodborne infections in humans and animals. Listeria can enter into host cells and survive and multiply therein, due to an arsenal of virulence determinants encoded in different loci on the chromosome. Several key Listeria virule...

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Autores principales:	Andrzej Prokop, Edith Gouin, Véronique Villiers, Marie-Anne Nahori, Renaud Vincentelli, Mélodie Duval, Pascale Cossart, Olivier Dussurget
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2017
Materias:	Listeria monocytogenes nucleomodulin pathogenesis RybP oxidative burst Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f545994497564a99a4f4f35145863af4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f545994497564a99a4f4f35145863af42021-11-15T15:51:50ZOrfX, a Nucleomodulin Required for <italic toggle="yes">Listeria monocytogenes</italic> Virulence10.1128/mBio.01550-172150-7511https://doaj.org/article/f545994497564a99a4f4f35145863af42017-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.01550-17https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT Listeria monocytogenes is a bacterial pathogen causing severe foodborne infections in humans and animals. Listeria can enter into host cells and survive and multiply therein, due to an arsenal of virulence determinants encoded in different loci on the chromosome. Several key Listeria virulence genes are clustered in Listeria pathogenicity island 1. This important locus also contains orfX (lmo0206), a gene of unknown function. Here, we found that OrfX is a small, secreted protein whose expression is positively regulated by PrfA, the major transcriptional activator of Listeria virulence genes. We provide evidence that OrfX is a virulence factor that dampens the oxidative response of infected macrophages, which contributes to intracellular survival of bacteria. OrfX is targeted to the nucleus and interacts with the regulatory protein RybP. We show that in macrophages, the expression of OrfX decreases the level of RybP, which controls cellular infection. Collectively, these data reveal that Listeria targets RybP and evades macrophage oxidative stress for efficient infection. Altogether, OrfX is after LntA, the second virulence factor acting directly in the nucleus. IMPORTANCE Listeria monocytogenes is a model bacterium that has been successfully used over the last 30 years to refine our understanding of the molecular, cellular, and tissular mechanisms of microbial pathogenesis. The major virulence factors of pathogenic Listeria species are located on a single chromosomal locus. Here, we report that the last gene of this locus encodes a small secreted nucleomodulin, OrfX, that is required for bacterial survival within macrophages and in the infected host. This work demonstrates that the production of OrfX contributes to limiting the host innate immune response by dampening the oxidative response of macrophages. We also identify a target of OrfX, RybP, which is an essential pleiotropic regulatory protein of the cell, and uncover its role in host defense. Our data reinforce the view that the secretion of nucleomodulins is an important strategy used by microbial pathogens to promote infection.Andrzej ProkopEdith GouinVéronique VilliersMarie-Anne NahoriRenaud VincentelliMélodie DuvalPascale CossartOlivier DussurgetAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleListeria monocytogenesnucleomodulinpathogenesisRybPoxidative burstMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 8, Iss 5 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Listeria monocytogenes nucleomodulin pathogenesis RybP oxidative burst Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Listeria monocytogenes nucleomodulin pathogenesis RybP oxidative burst Microbiology QR1-502 Andrzej Prokop Edith Gouin Véronique Villiers Marie-Anne Nahori Renaud Vincentelli Mélodie Duval Pascale Cossart Olivier Dussurget OrfX, a Nucleomodulin Required for <italic toggle="yes">Listeria monocytogenes</italic> Virulence
description	ABSTRACT Listeria monocytogenes is a bacterial pathogen causing severe foodborne infections in humans and animals. Listeria can enter into host cells and survive and multiply therein, due to an arsenal of virulence determinants encoded in different loci on the chromosome. Several key Listeria virulence genes are clustered in Listeria pathogenicity island 1. This important locus also contains orfX (lmo0206), a gene of unknown function. Here, we found that OrfX is a small, secreted protein whose expression is positively regulated by PrfA, the major transcriptional activator of Listeria virulence genes. We provide evidence that OrfX is a virulence factor that dampens the oxidative response of infected macrophages, which contributes to intracellular survival of bacteria. OrfX is targeted to the nucleus and interacts with the regulatory protein RybP. We show that in macrophages, the expression of OrfX decreases the level of RybP, which controls cellular infection. Collectively, these data reveal that Listeria targets RybP and evades macrophage oxidative stress for efficient infection. Altogether, OrfX is after LntA, the second virulence factor acting directly in the nucleus. IMPORTANCE Listeria monocytogenes is a model bacterium that has been successfully used over the last 30 years to refine our understanding of the molecular, cellular, and tissular mechanisms of microbial pathogenesis. The major virulence factors of pathogenic Listeria species are located on a single chromosomal locus. Here, we report that the last gene of this locus encodes a small secreted nucleomodulin, OrfX, that is required for bacterial survival within macrophages and in the infected host. This work demonstrates that the production of OrfX contributes to limiting the host innate immune response by dampening the oxidative response of macrophages. We also identify a target of OrfX, RybP, which is an essential pleiotropic regulatory protein of the cell, and uncover its role in host defense. Our data reinforce the view that the secretion of nucleomodulins is an important strategy used by microbial pathogens to promote infection.
format	article
author	Andrzej Prokop Edith Gouin Véronique Villiers Marie-Anne Nahori Renaud Vincentelli Mélodie Duval Pascale Cossart Olivier Dussurget
author_facet	Andrzej Prokop Edith Gouin Véronique Villiers Marie-Anne Nahori Renaud Vincentelli Mélodie Duval Pascale Cossart Olivier Dussurget
author_sort	Andrzej Prokop
title	OrfX, a Nucleomodulin Required for <italic toggle="yes">Listeria monocytogenes</italic> Virulence
title_short	OrfX, a Nucleomodulin Required for <italic toggle="yes">Listeria monocytogenes</italic> Virulence
title_full	OrfX, a Nucleomodulin Required for <italic toggle="yes">Listeria monocytogenes</italic> Virulence
title_fullStr	OrfX, a Nucleomodulin Required for <italic toggle="yes">Listeria monocytogenes</italic> Virulence
title_full_unstemmed	OrfX, a Nucleomodulin Required for <italic toggle="yes">Listeria monocytogenes</italic> Virulence
title_sort	orfx, a nucleomodulin required for <italic toggle="yes">listeria monocytogenes</italic> virulence
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/f545994497564a99a4f4f35145863af4
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OrfX, a Nucleomodulin Required for <italic toggle="yes">Listeria monocytogenes</italic> Virulence

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