Response of Annual Herbaceous Plant Leaching and Decomposition to Periodic Submergence in Mega-Reservoirs: Changes in Litter Nutrients and Soil Properties for Restoration

Litter decomposition is an important soil nutrient source that promotes vegetation in deteriorated riparian zones worldwide. The periodic submergence and sediment burial effects on two prominent annual herbaceous plants (<i>Echinochloa crusgali</i> and <i>Bidens tripartite</i>...

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Autores principales:	Xin Hu, Tingting Xie, Muhammad Arif, Dongdong Ding, Jiajia Li, Zhongxun Yuan, Changxiao Li
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	Three Gorges Dam Reservoir flooding stress riparian zone restoration annual plants litter buried sediment Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f5564058cc344f88aa8755b351d53672
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f5564058cc344f88aa8755b351d536722021-11-25T16:47:24ZResponse of Annual Herbaceous Plant Leaching and Decomposition to Periodic Submergence in Mega-Reservoirs: Changes in Litter Nutrients and Soil Properties for Restoration10.3390/biology101111412079-7737https://doaj.org/article/f5564058cc344f88aa8755b351d536722021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/10/11/1141https://doaj.org/toc/2079-7737Litter decomposition is an important soil nutrient source that promotes vegetation in deteriorated riparian zones worldwide. The periodic submergence and sediment burial effects on two prominent annual herbaceous plants (<i>Echinochloa crusgali</i> and <i>Bidens tripartite</i>) are little known in mega-reservoir settings. Our study focuses on the mass and carbon loss and nutrient release from <i>E. crusgali</i> and <i>B. tripartitle</i> litter and changes in soil properties, which are important for riparian zone rehabilitation in the Three Gorges Dam Reservoir, China. This study adopted the litter bag method to explore the nutrient change characteristics and changes in soil properties at different sediment burial depths under flooding scenarios. Three burial depths (0 cm, 5 cm, and 10 cm) were used for these two plants, and the experiment lasted for 180 days. The results revealed that the litter decay rate was high at first in the incubation experiment, and the nutrient loss rate followed the pattern of K > P > N > C. The relationship between % C remaining and % mass remaining was nearly 1:1, and the total amount of P exhibited a leaching–enrichment–release state in the decomposition process. Nutrients were changed significantly in the soil and overlying water at the first decomposition stage. Still, the total soil nutrient change was insignificant at the end, except for the 10 cm burial of <i>B. tripartitle</i>. Moreover, oxidation–reduction potential was the main factor in the litter decomposition process at different burial depths. This study indicated that sediment deposition reduced litter mass loss, slowed down the release of N and P, and retained more C, but promoted the release of K. Conclusively, in litter decomposition under waterlogging, the total soil nutrient content changed little. However, litter does more to the soil than that. Therefore, it is necessary to study the residual soil litter’s continuous output after the water level declines for restoration purposes.Xin HuTingting XieMuhammad ArifDongdong DingJiajia LiZhongxun YuanChangxiao LiMDPI AGarticleThree Gorges Dam Reservoirflooding stressriparian zone restorationannual plantslitterburied sedimentBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENBiology, Vol 10, Iss 1141, p 1141 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Three Gorges Dam Reservoir flooding stress riparian zone restoration annual plants litter buried sediment Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Three Gorges Dam Reservoir flooding stress riparian zone restoration annual plants litter buried sediment Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Xin Hu Tingting Xie Muhammad Arif Dongdong Ding Jiajia Li Zhongxun Yuan Changxiao Li Response of Annual Herbaceous Plant Leaching and Decomposition to Periodic Submergence in Mega-Reservoirs: Changes in Litter Nutrients and Soil Properties for Restoration
description	Litter decomposition is an important soil nutrient source that promotes vegetation in deteriorated riparian zones worldwide. The periodic submergence and sediment burial effects on two prominent annual herbaceous plants (<i>Echinochloa crusgali</i> and <i>Bidens tripartite</i>) are little known in mega-reservoir settings. Our study focuses on the mass and carbon loss and nutrient release from <i>E. crusgali</i> and <i>B. tripartitle</i> litter and changes in soil properties, which are important for riparian zone rehabilitation in the Three Gorges Dam Reservoir, China. This study adopted the litter bag method to explore the nutrient change characteristics and changes in soil properties at different sediment burial depths under flooding scenarios. Three burial depths (0 cm, 5 cm, and 10 cm) were used for these two plants, and the experiment lasted for 180 days. The results revealed that the litter decay rate was high at first in the incubation experiment, and the nutrient loss rate followed the pattern of K > P > N > C. The relationship between % C remaining and % mass remaining was nearly 1:1, and the total amount of P exhibited a leaching–enrichment–release state in the decomposition process. Nutrients were changed significantly in the soil and overlying water at the first decomposition stage. Still, the total soil nutrient change was insignificant at the end, except for the 10 cm burial of <i>B. tripartitle</i>. Moreover, oxidation–reduction potential was the main factor in the litter decomposition process at different burial depths. This study indicated that sediment deposition reduced litter mass loss, slowed down the release of N and P, and retained more C, but promoted the release of K. Conclusively, in litter decomposition under waterlogging, the total soil nutrient content changed little. However, litter does more to the soil than that. Therefore, it is necessary to study the residual soil litter’s continuous output after the water level declines for restoration purposes.
format	article
author	Xin Hu Tingting Xie Muhammad Arif Dongdong Ding Jiajia Li Zhongxun Yuan Changxiao Li
author_facet	Xin Hu Tingting Xie Muhammad Arif Dongdong Ding Jiajia Li Zhongxun Yuan Changxiao Li
author_sort	Xin Hu
title	Response of Annual Herbaceous Plant Leaching and Decomposition to Periodic Submergence in Mega-Reservoirs: Changes in Litter Nutrients and Soil Properties for Restoration
title_short	Response of Annual Herbaceous Plant Leaching and Decomposition to Periodic Submergence in Mega-Reservoirs: Changes in Litter Nutrients and Soil Properties for Restoration
title_full	Response of Annual Herbaceous Plant Leaching and Decomposition to Periodic Submergence in Mega-Reservoirs: Changes in Litter Nutrients and Soil Properties for Restoration
title_fullStr	Response of Annual Herbaceous Plant Leaching and Decomposition to Periodic Submergence in Mega-Reservoirs: Changes in Litter Nutrients and Soil Properties for Restoration
title_full_unstemmed	Response of Annual Herbaceous Plant Leaching and Decomposition to Periodic Submergence in Mega-Reservoirs: Changes in Litter Nutrients and Soil Properties for Restoration
title_sort	response of annual herbaceous plant leaching and decomposition to periodic submergence in mega-reservoirs: changes in litter nutrients and soil properties for restoration
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f5564058cc344f88aa8755b351d53672
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Response of Annual Herbaceous Plant Leaching and Decomposition to Periodic Submergence in Mega-Reservoirs: Changes in Litter Nutrients and Soil Properties for Restoration

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