Plasma superoxide dismutase-1 as a surrogate marker of vivax malaria severity.

<h4>Background</h4>Severe outcomes have been described for both Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax infections. The identification of sensitive and reliable markers of disease severity is fundamental to improving patient care. An intense pro-inflammatory response with oxidative stress and...

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Autores principales:	Bruno B Andrade, Antonio Reis-Filho, Sebastião Martins Souza-Neto, Imbroinise Raffaele-Netto, Luis M A Camargo, Aldina Barral, Manoel Barral-Netto
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2010
Materias:	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f5bf8c39bae64a7f837bad69c6772020
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f5bf8c39bae64a7f837bad69c67720202021-11-25T06:33:37ZPlasma superoxide dismutase-1 as a surrogate marker of vivax malaria severity.1935-27271935-273510.1371/journal.pntd.0000650https://doaj.org/article/f5bf8c39bae64a7f837bad69c67720202010-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/20386593/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735<h4>Background</h4>Severe outcomes have been described for both Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax infections. The identification of sensitive and reliable markers of disease severity is fundamental to improving patient care. An intense pro-inflammatory response with oxidative stress and production of reactive oxygen species is present in malaria. Inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and antioxidant agents such as superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1) are likely candidate biomarkers for disease severity. Here we tested whether plasma levels of SOD-1 could serve as a biomarker of severe vivax malaria.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Plasma samples were obtained from residents of the Brazilian Amazon with a high risk for P. vivax transmission. Malaria diagnosis was made by both microscopy and nested PCR. A total of 219 individuals were enrolled: non-infected volunteers (n = 90) and individuals with vivax malaria: asymptomatic (n = 60), mild (n = 50) and severe infection (n = 19). SOD-1 was directly associated with parasitaemia, plasma creatinine and alanine amino-transaminase levels, while TNF-alpha correlated only with the later enzyme. The predictive power of SOD-1 and TNF-alpha levels was compared. SOD-1 protein levels were more effective at predicting vivax malaria severity than TNF-alpha. For discrimination of mild infection, elevated SOD-1 levels showed greater sensitivity than TNF-alpha (76% vs. 30% respectively; p<0.0001), with higher specificity (100% vs. 97%; p<0.0001). In predicting severe vivax malaria, SOD-1 levels exhibited higher sensitivity than TNF-alpha (80% vs. 56%, respectively; p<0.0001; likelihood ratio: 7.45 vs. 3.14; p<0.0001). Neither SOD-1 nor TNF-alpha could discriminate P. vivax infections from those caused by P. falciparum.<h4>Conclusion</h4>SOD-1 is a powerful predictor of disease severity in individuals with different clinical presentations of vivax malaria.Bruno B AndradeAntonio Reis-FilhoSebastião Martins Souza-NetoImbroinise Raffaele-NettoLuis M A CamargoAldina BarralManoel Barral-NettoPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleArctic medicine. Tropical medicineRC955-962Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENPLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 4, Iss 4, p e650 (2010)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Bruno B Andrade Antonio Reis-Filho Sebastião Martins Souza-Neto Imbroinise Raffaele-Netto Luis M A Camargo Aldina Barral Manoel Barral-Netto Plasma superoxide dismutase-1 as a surrogate marker of vivax malaria severity.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Severe outcomes have been described for both Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax infections. The identification of sensitive and reliable markers of disease severity is fundamental to improving patient care. An intense pro-inflammatory response with oxidative stress and production of reactive oxygen species is present in malaria. Inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and antioxidant agents such as superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1) are likely candidate biomarkers for disease severity. Here we tested whether plasma levels of SOD-1 could serve as a biomarker of severe vivax malaria.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Plasma samples were obtained from residents of the Brazilian Amazon with a high risk for P. vivax transmission. Malaria diagnosis was made by both microscopy and nested PCR. A total of 219 individuals were enrolled: non-infected volunteers (n = 90) and individuals with vivax malaria: asymptomatic (n = 60), mild (n = 50) and severe infection (n = 19). SOD-1 was directly associated with parasitaemia, plasma creatinine and alanine amino-transaminase levels, while TNF-alpha correlated only with the later enzyme. The predictive power of SOD-1 and TNF-alpha levels was compared. SOD-1 protein levels were more effective at predicting vivax malaria severity than TNF-alpha. For discrimination of mild infection, elevated SOD-1 levels showed greater sensitivity than TNF-alpha (76% vs. 30% respectively; p<0.0001), with higher specificity (100% vs. 97%; p<0.0001). In predicting severe vivax malaria, SOD-1 levels exhibited higher sensitivity than TNF-alpha (80% vs. 56%, respectively; p<0.0001; likelihood ratio: 7.45 vs. 3.14; p<0.0001). Neither SOD-1 nor TNF-alpha could discriminate P. vivax infections from those caused by P. falciparum.<h4>Conclusion</h4>SOD-1 is a powerful predictor of disease severity in individuals with different clinical presentations of vivax malaria.
format	article
author	Bruno B Andrade Antonio Reis-Filho Sebastião Martins Souza-Neto Imbroinise Raffaele-Netto Luis M A Camargo Aldina Barral Manoel Barral-Netto
author_facet	Bruno B Andrade Antonio Reis-Filho Sebastião Martins Souza-Neto Imbroinise Raffaele-Netto Luis M A Camargo Aldina Barral Manoel Barral-Netto
author_sort	Bruno B Andrade
title	Plasma superoxide dismutase-1 as a surrogate marker of vivax malaria severity.
title_short	Plasma superoxide dismutase-1 as a surrogate marker of vivax malaria severity.
title_full	Plasma superoxide dismutase-1 as a surrogate marker of vivax malaria severity.
title_fullStr	Plasma superoxide dismutase-1 as a surrogate marker of vivax malaria severity.
title_full_unstemmed	Plasma superoxide dismutase-1 as a surrogate marker of vivax malaria severity.
title_sort	plasma superoxide dismutase-1 as a surrogate marker of vivax malaria severity.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2010
url	https://doaj.org/article/f5bf8c39bae64a7f837bad69c6772020
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Plasma superoxide dismutase-1 as a surrogate marker of vivax malaria severity.

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