Nut Allergy: Clinical and Allergological Features in Italian Children

Background: Nut allergies are an increasingly frequent health issue in the pediatric population. Tree nuts (TN) and peanuts are the second cause of food anaphylaxis in Italy. Unfortunately, knowledge of the clinical characteristics of a TN allergy in Italian children is limited. Our study aimed to i...

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Autores principales:	Sylvie Tagliati, Simona Barni, Mattia Giovannini, Giulia Liccioli, Lucrezia Sarti, Tatiana Alicandro, Erika Paladini, Giancarlo Perferi, Chiara Azzari, Elio Novembre, Francesca Mori
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	children nut allergy oral food challenge peanut prick by prick serum specific IgE Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f5f7f94647814bf5adbea4bbb15c5642
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f5f7f94647814bf5adbea4bbb15c56422021-11-25T18:36:36ZNut Allergy: Clinical and Allergological Features in Italian Children10.3390/nu131140762072-6643https://doaj.org/article/f5f7f94647814bf5adbea4bbb15c56422021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/4076https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6643Background: Nut allergies are an increasingly frequent health issue in the pediatric population. Tree nuts (TN) and peanuts are the second cause of food anaphylaxis in Italy. Unfortunately, knowledge of the clinical characteristics of a TN allergy in Italian children is limited. Our study aimed to identify the clinical and allergological characteristics of Italian children with a nut allergy (TN and peanut). Methods: A retrospective observational analysis was performed on the clinical charts of children with a history of nut reaction referred to the allergy unit of the hospital from 2015 to 2019. The studied population was represented by children with a confirmed nut allergy based on positive prick by prick and/or serum-specific IgE to nut plus a positive nut oral food challenge. Demographic, clinical, and allergological features were studied and compared among different nuts. Results: In total, 318 clinical charts were reviewed. Nut allergy was confirmed in 113 patients. Most patients (85/113, 75%) had a familial history of allergy and/or a concomitant allergic disorder (77/113, 68%). Hazelnut and walnut were the more common culprit nuts observed in allergic children. Anaphylaxis was the first clinical manifestation of nut allergy in a high percentage of children (54/113, 48%). The mean age of the first nut reaction was statistically higher with pine nuts. Over 75% of children reported a single nut reaction. During the OFCs, the signs and symptoms involved mainly the gastrointestinal system (82/113, 73%) and resolved spontaneously in most cases. Severe reactions were not frequent (22/113, 19%). Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first Italian study that provided a comprehensive characterization of children with a nut allergy. These results are important for clinicians treating children with a nut allergy.Sylvie TagliatiSimona BarniMattia GiovanniniGiulia LiccioliLucrezia SartiTatiana AlicandroErika PaladiniGiancarlo PerferiChiara AzzariElio NovembreFrancesca MoriMDPI AGarticlechildrennut allergyoral food challengepeanutprick by prickserum specific IgENutrition. Foods and food supplyTX341-641ENNutrients, Vol 13, Iss 4076, p 4076 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	children nut allergy oral food challenge peanut prick by prick serum specific IgE Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
spellingShingle	children nut allergy oral food challenge peanut prick by prick serum specific IgE Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Sylvie Tagliati Simona Barni Mattia Giovannini Giulia Liccioli Lucrezia Sarti Tatiana Alicandro Erika Paladini Giancarlo Perferi Chiara Azzari Elio Novembre Francesca Mori Nut Allergy: Clinical and Allergological Features in Italian Children
description	Background: Nut allergies are an increasingly frequent health issue in the pediatric population. Tree nuts (TN) and peanuts are the second cause of food anaphylaxis in Italy. Unfortunately, knowledge of the clinical characteristics of a TN allergy in Italian children is limited. Our study aimed to identify the clinical and allergological characteristics of Italian children with a nut allergy (TN and peanut). Methods: A retrospective observational analysis was performed on the clinical charts of children with a history of nut reaction referred to the allergy unit of the hospital from 2015 to 2019. The studied population was represented by children with a confirmed nut allergy based on positive prick by prick and/or serum-specific IgE to nut plus a positive nut oral food challenge. Demographic, clinical, and allergological features were studied and compared among different nuts. Results: In total, 318 clinical charts were reviewed. Nut allergy was confirmed in 113 patients. Most patients (85/113, 75%) had a familial history of allergy and/or a concomitant allergic disorder (77/113, 68%). Hazelnut and walnut were the more common culprit nuts observed in allergic children. Anaphylaxis was the first clinical manifestation of nut allergy in a high percentage of children (54/113, 48%). The mean age of the first nut reaction was statistically higher with pine nuts. Over 75% of children reported a single nut reaction. During the OFCs, the signs and symptoms involved mainly the gastrointestinal system (82/113, 73%) and resolved spontaneously in most cases. Severe reactions were not frequent (22/113, 19%). Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first Italian study that provided a comprehensive characterization of children with a nut allergy. These results are important for clinicians treating children with a nut allergy.
format	article
author	Sylvie Tagliati Simona Barni Mattia Giovannini Giulia Liccioli Lucrezia Sarti Tatiana Alicandro Erika Paladini Giancarlo Perferi Chiara Azzari Elio Novembre Francesca Mori
author_facet	Sylvie Tagliati Simona Barni Mattia Giovannini Giulia Liccioli Lucrezia Sarti Tatiana Alicandro Erika Paladini Giancarlo Perferi Chiara Azzari Elio Novembre Francesca Mori
author_sort	Sylvie Tagliati
title	Nut Allergy: Clinical and Allergological Features in Italian Children
title_short	Nut Allergy: Clinical and Allergological Features in Italian Children
title_full	Nut Allergy: Clinical and Allergological Features in Italian Children
title_fullStr	Nut Allergy: Clinical and Allergological Features in Italian Children
title_full_unstemmed	Nut Allergy: Clinical and Allergological Features in Italian Children
title_sort	nut allergy: clinical and allergological features in italian children
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f5f7f94647814bf5adbea4bbb15c5642
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Nut Allergy: Clinical and Allergological Features in Italian Children

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