Comparative analysis of salivary gland transcriptomes of Phlebotomus orientalis sand flies from endemic and non-endemic foci of visceral leishmaniasis.

<h4>Background</h4>In East Africa, Phlebotomus orientalis serves as the main vector of Leishmania donovani, the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Phlebotomus orientalis is present at two distant localities in Ethiopia; Addis Zemen where VL is endemic and Melka Werer where t...

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Autores principales:	Michaela Vlkova, Michal Sima, Iva Rohousova, Tatiana Kostalova, Petra Sumova, Vera Volfova, Erin L Jaske, Kent D Barbian, Teshome Gebre-Michael, Asrat Hailu, Alon Warburg, Jose M C Ribeiro, Jesus G Valenzuela, Ryan C Jochim, Petr Volf
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f5fc61665c64471d87c427b317856fba
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f5fc61665c64471d87c427b317856fba2021-11-18T09:16:21ZComparative analysis of salivary gland transcriptomes of Phlebotomus orientalis sand flies from endemic and non-endemic foci of visceral leishmaniasis.1935-27271935-273510.1371/journal.pntd.0002709https://doaj.org/article/f5fc61665c64471d87c427b317856fba2014-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24587463/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735<h4>Background</h4>In East Africa, Phlebotomus orientalis serves as the main vector of Leishmania donovani, the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Phlebotomus orientalis is present at two distant localities in Ethiopia; Addis Zemen where VL is endemic and Melka Werer where transmission of VL does not occur. To find out whether the difference in epidemiology of VL is due to distant compositions of P. orientalis saliva we established colonies from Addis Zemen and Melka Werer, analyzed and compared the transcriptomes, proteomes and enzymatic activity of the salivary glands.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Two cDNA libraries were constructed from the female salivary glands of P. orientalis from Addis Zemen and Melka Werer. Clones of each P. orientalis library were randomly selected, sequenced and analyzed. In P. orientalis transcriptomes, we identified members of 13 main protein families. Phylogenetic analysis and multiple sequence alignments were performed to evaluate differences between the P. orientalis colonies and to show the relationship with other sand fly species from the subgenus Larroussius. To further compare both colonies, we investigated the humoral antigenicity and cross-reactivity of the salivary proteins and the activity of salivary apyrase and hyaluronidase.<h4>Conclusions</h4>This is the first report of the salivary components of P. orientalis, an important vector sand fly. Our study expanded the knowledge of salivary gland compounds of sand fly species in the subgenus Larroussius. Based on the phylogenetic analysis, we showed that P. orientalis is closely related to Phlebotomus tobbi and Phlebotomus perniciosus, whereas Phlebotomus ariasi is evolutionarily more distinct species. We also demonstrated that there is no significant difference between the transcriptomes, proteomes or enzymatic properties of the salivary components of Addis Zemen (endemic area) and Melka Werer (non-endemic area) P. orientalis colonies. Thus, the different epidemiology of VL in these Ethiopian foci cannot be attributed to the salivary gland composition.Michaela VlkovaMichal SimaIva RohousovaTatiana KostalovaPetra SumovaVera VolfovaErin L JaskeKent D BarbianTeshome Gebre-MichaelAsrat HailuAlon WarburgJose M C RibeiroJesus G ValenzuelaRyan C JochimPetr VolfPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleArctic medicine. Tropical medicineRC955-962Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENPLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 8, Iss 2, p e2709 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Michaela Vlkova Michal Sima Iva Rohousova Tatiana Kostalova Petra Sumova Vera Volfova Erin L Jaske Kent D Barbian Teshome Gebre-Michael Asrat Hailu Alon Warburg Jose M C Ribeiro Jesus G Valenzuela Ryan C Jochim Petr Volf Comparative analysis of salivary gland transcriptomes of Phlebotomus orientalis sand flies from endemic and non-endemic foci of visceral leishmaniasis.
description	<h4>Background</h4>In East Africa, Phlebotomus orientalis serves as the main vector of Leishmania donovani, the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Phlebotomus orientalis is present at two distant localities in Ethiopia; Addis Zemen where VL is endemic and Melka Werer where transmission of VL does not occur. To find out whether the difference in epidemiology of VL is due to distant compositions of P. orientalis saliva we established colonies from Addis Zemen and Melka Werer, analyzed and compared the transcriptomes, proteomes and enzymatic activity of the salivary glands.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Two cDNA libraries were constructed from the female salivary glands of P. orientalis from Addis Zemen and Melka Werer. Clones of each P. orientalis library were randomly selected, sequenced and analyzed. In P. orientalis transcriptomes, we identified members of 13 main protein families. Phylogenetic analysis and multiple sequence alignments were performed to evaluate differences between the P. orientalis colonies and to show the relationship with other sand fly species from the subgenus Larroussius. To further compare both colonies, we investigated the humoral antigenicity and cross-reactivity of the salivary proteins and the activity of salivary apyrase and hyaluronidase.<h4>Conclusions</h4>This is the first report of the salivary components of P. orientalis, an important vector sand fly. Our study expanded the knowledge of salivary gland compounds of sand fly species in the subgenus Larroussius. Based on the phylogenetic analysis, we showed that P. orientalis is closely related to Phlebotomus tobbi and Phlebotomus perniciosus, whereas Phlebotomus ariasi is evolutionarily more distinct species. We also demonstrated that there is no significant difference between the transcriptomes, proteomes or enzymatic properties of the salivary components of Addis Zemen (endemic area) and Melka Werer (non-endemic area) P. orientalis colonies. Thus, the different epidemiology of VL in these Ethiopian foci cannot be attributed to the salivary gland composition.
format	article
author	Michaela Vlkova Michal Sima Iva Rohousova Tatiana Kostalova Petra Sumova Vera Volfova Erin L Jaske Kent D Barbian Teshome Gebre-Michael Asrat Hailu Alon Warburg Jose M C Ribeiro Jesus G Valenzuela Ryan C Jochim Petr Volf
author_facet	Michaela Vlkova Michal Sima Iva Rohousova Tatiana Kostalova Petra Sumova Vera Volfova Erin L Jaske Kent D Barbian Teshome Gebre-Michael Asrat Hailu Alon Warburg Jose M C Ribeiro Jesus G Valenzuela Ryan C Jochim Petr Volf
author_sort	Michaela Vlkova
title	Comparative analysis of salivary gland transcriptomes of Phlebotomus orientalis sand flies from endemic and non-endemic foci of visceral leishmaniasis.
title_short	Comparative analysis of salivary gland transcriptomes of Phlebotomus orientalis sand flies from endemic and non-endemic foci of visceral leishmaniasis.
title_full	Comparative analysis of salivary gland transcriptomes of Phlebotomus orientalis sand flies from endemic and non-endemic foci of visceral leishmaniasis.
title_fullStr	Comparative analysis of salivary gland transcriptomes of Phlebotomus orientalis sand flies from endemic and non-endemic foci of visceral leishmaniasis.
title_full_unstemmed	Comparative analysis of salivary gland transcriptomes of Phlebotomus orientalis sand flies from endemic and non-endemic foci of visceral leishmaniasis.
title_sort	comparative analysis of salivary gland transcriptomes of phlebotomus orientalis sand flies from endemic and non-endemic foci of visceral leishmaniasis.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/f5fc61665c64471d87c427b317856fba
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Comparative analysis of salivary gland transcriptomes of Phlebotomus orientalis sand flies from endemic and non-endemic foci of visceral leishmaniasis.

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