Transcriptional profiling of a yeast colony provides new insight into the heterogeneity of multicellular fungal communities.

Understanding multicellular fungal structures is important for designing better strategies against human fungal pathogens. For example, the ability to form multicellular biofilms is a key virulence property of the yeast Candida albicans. C. albicans biofilms form on indwelling medical devices and ar...

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Autores principales:	Ana Traven, Amrei Jänicke, Paul Harrison, Angavai Swaminathan, Torsten Seemann, Traude H Beilharz
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f61403612b5641c8af2ab77281d4083f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f61403612b5641c8af2ab77281d4083f2021-11-18T08:13:43ZTranscriptional profiling of a yeast colony provides new insight into the heterogeneity of multicellular fungal communities.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0046243https://doaj.org/article/f61403612b5641c8af2ab77281d4083f2012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23029448/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Understanding multicellular fungal structures is important for designing better strategies against human fungal pathogens. For example, the ability to form multicellular biofilms is a key virulence property of the yeast Candida albicans. C. albicans biofilms form on indwelling medical devices and are drug resistant, causing serious infections in hospital settings. Multicellular fungal communities are heterogeneous, consisting of cells experiencing different environments. Heterogeneity is likely important for the phenotypic characteristics of communities, yet it is poorly understood. Here we used colonies of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model fungal multicellular structure. We fractionated the outside colony layers from the cells in the center by FACS, using a Cit1-GFP marker expressed exclusively on the outside. Transcriptomics analysis of the two subpopulations revealed that the outside colony layers are actively growing by fermentative metabolism, while the cells residing on the inside are in a resting state and experience changes to mitochondrial activity. Our data shows several parallels with C. albicans biofilms providing insight into the contributions of heterogeneity to biofilm phenotypes. Hallmarks of C. albicans biofilms - the expression of ribosome and translation functions and activation of glycolysis and ergosterol biosynthesis occur on the outside of colonies, while expression of genes associates with sulfur assimilation is observed in the colony center. Cell wall restructuring occurs in biofilms, and cell wall functions are enriched in both fractions: the outside cells display enrichment of cell wall biosynthesis enzymes and cell wall proteins, while the inside cells express cell wall degrading enzymes. Our study also suggests that noncoding transcription and posttranscriptional mRNA regulation play important roles during growth of yeast in colonies, setting the scene for investigating these pathways in the development of multicellular fungal communities.Ana TravenAmrei JänickePaul HarrisonAngavai SwaminathanTorsten SeemannTraude H BeilharzPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 9, p e46243 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Ana Traven Amrei Jänicke Paul Harrison Angavai Swaminathan Torsten Seemann Traude H Beilharz Transcriptional profiling of a yeast colony provides new insight into the heterogeneity of multicellular fungal communities.
description	Understanding multicellular fungal structures is important for designing better strategies against human fungal pathogens. For example, the ability to form multicellular biofilms is a key virulence property of the yeast Candida albicans. C. albicans biofilms form on indwelling medical devices and are drug resistant, causing serious infections in hospital settings. Multicellular fungal communities are heterogeneous, consisting of cells experiencing different environments. Heterogeneity is likely important for the phenotypic characteristics of communities, yet it is poorly understood. Here we used colonies of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model fungal multicellular structure. We fractionated the outside colony layers from the cells in the center by FACS, using a Cit1-GFP marker expressed exclusively on the outside. Transcriptomics analysis of the two subpopulations revealed that the outside colony layers are actively growing by fermentative metabolism, while the cells residing on the inside are in a resting state and experience changes to mitochondrial activity. Our data shows several parallels with C. albicans biofilms providing insight into the contributions of heterogeneity to biofilm phenotypes. Hallmarks of C. albicans biofilms - the expression of ribosome and translation functions and activation of glycolysis and ergosterol biosynthesis occur on the outside of colonies, while expression of genes associates with sulfur assimilation is observed in the colony center. Cell wall restructuring occurs in biofilms, and cell wall functions are enriched in both fractions: the outside cells display enrichment of cell wall biosynthesis enzymes and cell wall proteins, while the inside cells express cell wall degrading enzymes. Our study also suggests that noncoding transcription and posttranscriptional mRNA regulation play important roles during growth of yeast in colonies, setting the scene for investigating these pathways in the development of multicellular fungal communities.
format	article
author	Ana Traven Amrei Jänicke Paul Harrison Angavai Swaminathan Torsten Seemann Traude H Beilharz
author_facet	Ana Traven Amrei Jänicke Paul Harrison Angavai Swaminathan Torsten Seemann Traude H Beilharz
author_sort	Ana Traven
title	Transcriptional profiling of a yeast colony provides new insight into the heterogeneity of multicellular fungal communities.
title_short	Transcriptional profiling of a yeast colony provides new insight into the heterogeneity of multicellular fungal communities.
title_full	Transcriptional profiling of a yeast colony provides new insight into the heterogeneity of multicellular fungal communities.
title_fullStr	Transcriptional profiling of a yeast colony provides new insight into the heterogeneity of multicellular fungal communities.
title_full_unstemmed	Transcriptional profiling of a yeast colony provides new insight into the heterogeneity of multicellular fungal communities.
title_sort	transcriptional profiling of a yeast colony provides new insight into the heterogeneity of multicellular fungal communities.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/f61403612b5641c8af2ab77281d4083f
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Transcriptional profiling of a yeast colony provides new insight into the heterogeneity of multicellular fungal communities.

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