FMRI effective connectivity and TMS chronometry: complementary accounts of causality in the visuospatial judgment network.

<h4>Background</h4>While traditionally quite distinct, functional neuroimaging (e.g. functional magnetic resonance imaging: fMRI) and functional interference techniques (e.g. transcranial magnetic stimulation: TMS) increasingly address similar questions of functional brain organization,...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Tom A de Graaf, Christianne Jacobs, Alard Roebroeck, Alexander T Sack
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2009
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f61741c31afa480f99c24c0797beac13
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:f61741c31afa480f99c24c0797beac13
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f61741c31afa480f99c24c0797beac132021-11-25T06:27:26ZFMRI effective connectivity and TMS chronometry: complementary accounts of causality in the visuospatial judgment network.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0008307https://doaj.org/article/f61741c31afa480f99c24c0797beac132009-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/20011541/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>While traditionally quite distinct, functional neuroimaging (e.g. functional magnetic resonance imaging: fMRI) and functional interference techniques (e.g. transcranial magnetic stimulation: TMS) increasingly address similar questions of functional brain organization, including connectivity, interactions, and causality in the brain. Time-resolved TMS over multiple brain network nodes can elucidate the relative timings of functional relevance for behavior ("TMS chronometry"), while fMRI functional or effective connectivity (fMRI EC) can map task-specific interactions between brain regions based on the interrelation of measured signals. The current study empirically assessed the relation between these different methods.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>One group of 15 participants took part in two experiments: one fMRI EC study, and one TMS chronometry study, both of which used an established cognitive paradigm involving one visuospatial judgment task and one color judgment control task. Granger causality mapping (GCM), a data-driven variant of fMRI EC analysis, revealed a frontal-to-parietal flow of information, from inferior/middle frontal gyrus (MFG) to posterior parietal cortex (PPC). FMRI EC-guided Neuronavigated TMS had behavioral effects when applied to both PPC and to MFG, but the temporal pattern of these effects was similar for both stimulation sites. At first glance, this would seem in contradiction to the fMRI EC results. However, we discuss how TMS chronometry and fMRI EC are conceptually different and show how they can be complementary and mutually constraining, rather than contradictory, on the basis of our data.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>The findings that fMRI EC could successfully localize functionally relevant TMS target regions on the single subject level, and conversely, that TMS confirmed an fMRI EC identified functional network to be behaviorally relevant, have important methodological and theoretical implications. Our results, in combination with data from earlier studies by our group (Sack et al., 2007, Cerebral Cortex), lead to informed speculations on complex brain mechanisms, and TMS disruption thereof, underlying visuospatial judgment. This first in-depth empirical and conceptual comparison of fMRI EC and TMS chronometry thereby shows the complementary insights offered by the two methods.Tom A de GraafChristianne JacobsAlard RoebroeckAlexander T SackPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 4, Iss 12, p e8307 (2009)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Tom A de Graaf Christianne Jacobs Alard Roebroeck Alexander T Sack FMRI effective connectivity and TMS chronometry: complementary accounts of causality in the visuospatial judgment network.
description	<h4>Background</h4>While traditionally quite distinct, functional neuroimaging (e.g. functional magnetic resonance imaging: fMRI) and functional interference techniques (e.g. transcranial magnetic stimulation: TMS) increasingly address similar questions of functional brain organization, including connectivity, interactions, and causality in the brain. Time-resolved TMS over multiple brain network nodes can elucidate the relative timings of functional relevance for behavior ("TMS chronometry"), while fMRI functional or effective connectivity (fMRI EC) can map task-specific interactions between brain regions based on the interrelation of measured signals. The current study empirically assessed the relation between these different methods.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>One group of 15 participants took part in two experiments: one fMRI EC study, and one TMS chronometry study, both of which used an established cognitive paradigm involving one visuospatial judgment task and one color judgment control task. Granger causality mapping (GCM), a data-driven variant of fMRI EC analysis, revealed a frontal-to-parietal flow of information, from inferior/middle frontal gyrus (MFG) to posterior parietal cortex (PPC). FMRI EC-guided Neuronavigated TMS had behavioral effects when applied to both PPC and to MFG, but the temporal pattern of these effects was similar for both stimulation sites. At first glance, this would seem in contradiction to the fMRI EC results. However, we discuss how TMS chronometry and fMRI EC are conceptually different and show how they can be complementary and mutually constraining, rather than contradictory, on the basis of our data.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>The findings that fMRI EC could successfully localize functionally relevant TMS target regions on the single subject level, and conversely, that TMS confirmed an fMRI EC identified functional network to be behaviorally relevant, have important methodological and theoretical implications. Our results, in combination with data from earlier studies by our group (Sack et al., 2007, Cerebral Cortex), lead to informed speculations on complex brain mechanisms, and TMS disruption thereof, underlying visuospatial judgment. This first in-depth empirical and conceptual comparison of fMRI EC and TMS chronometry thereby shows the complementary insights offered by the two methods.
format	article
author	Tom A de Graaf Christianne Jacobs Alard Roebroeck Alexander T Sack
author_facet	Tom A de Graaf Christianne Jacobs Alard Roebroeck Alexander T Sack
author_sort	Tom A de Graaf
title	FMRI effective connectivity and TMS chronometry: complementary accounts of causality in the visuospatial judgment network.
title_short	FMRI effective connectivity and TMS chronometry: complementary accounts of causality in the visuospatial judgment network.
title_full	FMRI effective connectivity and TMS chronometry: complementary accounts of causality in the visuospatial judgment network.
title_fullStr	FMRI effective connectivity and TMS chronometry: complementary accounts of causality in the visuospatial judgment network.
title_full_unstemmed	FMRI effective connectivity and TMS chronometry: complementary accounts of causality in the visuospatial judgment network.
title_sort	fmri effective connectivity and tms chronometry: complementary accounts of causality in the visuospatial judgment network.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2009
url	https://doaj.org/article/f61741c31afa480f99c24c0797beac13
work_keys_str_mv	AT tomadegraaf fmrieffectiveconnectivityandtmschronometrycomplementaryaccountsofcausalityinthevisuospatialjudgmentnetwork AT christiannejacobs fmrieffectiveconnectivityandtmschronometrycomplementaryaccountsofcausalityinthevisuospatialjudgmentnetwork AT alardroebroeck fmrieffectiveconnectivityandtmschronometrycomplementaryaccountsofcausalityinthevisuospatialjudgmentnetwork AT alexandertsack fmrieffectiveconnectivityandtmschronometrycomplementaryaccountsofcausalityinthevisuospatialjudgmentnetwork
_version_	1718413718193176576

FMRI effective connectivity and TMS chronometry: complementary accounts of causality in the visuospatial judgment network.

Ejemplares similares