Risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: which lifestyle parameters should be changed?

Background. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication of pregnancy. It can cause significant problems for the mother and offspring, such as caesarean delivery, birth trauma and the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the future. The identification and correction of m...

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Autores principales: Polina Viktorovna Popova, Aleksandra Sergeevna Tkachuk, Yana Alexeevna Bolotko, Andrey Sergeevich Gerasimov, Ksenia Alexandrovna Demidova, Evgenii Anatol'evich Pustozerov, Liubov Vladimirovna Kuznetsova, Elena Nikolaevna Grineva
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RU
Publicado: Endocrinology Research Centre 2017
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Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/f61f6203ca724e4f98b1e20f51ebf05e
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:f61f6203ca724e4f98b1e20f51ebf05e2021-11-14T09:00:21ZRisk of gestational diabetes mellitus: which lifestyle parameters should be changed?2072-03512072-037810.14341/DM8226https://doaj.org/article/f61f6203ca724e4f98b1e20f51ebf05e2017-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/8226https://doaj.org/toc/2072-0351https://doaj.org/toc/2072-0378Background. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication of pregnancy. It can cause significant problems for the mother and offspring, such as caesarean delivery, birth trauma and the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the future. The identification and correction of modifiable risk factors for GDM will provide a possibility to prevent these complications. Aim. This study aimed to identify the most significant lifestyle parameters affecting the risk of developing GDM. Methods. The study included 680 pregnant women who underwent oral glucose tolerance test at 24–32 weeks of pregnancy and responded to a questionnaire comprising the following sections stratified in a semi-quantitative manner: the consumption of major food groups and drinks and the amount of physical activity and smoking before and during pregnancy. A logistic regression analysis was performed to identify lifestyle parameters that influence GDM development. GDM was diagnosed according to the IADPSG criteria. Results. GDM was diagnosed in 266 women; the other 414 women formed the control group. The most significant dietary risk factor for developing GDM was the consumption of sausage(s), dried fruits and fresh fruits. Eating sausage(s) more than thrice a week during pregnancy increased the risk of developing GDM by 2.4 times [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.5–3.8; p < 0.001] and so did the consumption of dried fruits more than thrice a week during pregnancy [odds ratio (OR), 6.5; 95% CI, 2.5–16.8; p < 0.001)] compared with the risk of GDM by less consumption of these food groups. A regular consumption of fresh fruits more than 12 times a week during pregnancy reduced the risk of GDM (OR, 0.5; 95% CI, 0.3–0.8; p = 0.015). The habit of climbing at least four floors per day during pregnancy also reduced the risk of GDM (OR, 0.7; 95% CI, 0.5–1.0; p = 0.069). Conclusions. The recommendations for GDM prevention should include limiting the consumption of sausage(s) and dried fruits, increasing the consumption of fresh fruits and introducing regular physical activities, such as climbing stairs.Polina Viktorovna PopovaAleksandra Sergeevna TkachukYana Alexeevna BolotkoAndrey Sergeevich GerasimovKsenia Alexandrovna DemidovaEvgenii Anatol'evich PustozerovLiubov Vladimirovna KuznetsovaElena Nikolaevna GrinevaEndocrinology Research Centrearticlegestational diabetes mellituslifestylerisk factorsphysical activityNutritional diseases. Deficiency diseasesRC620-627ENRUСахарный диабет, Vol 20, Iss 1, Pp 85-92 (2017)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
RU
topic gestational diabetes mellitus
lifestyle
risk factors
physical activity
Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases
RC620-627
spellingShingle gestational diabetes mellitus
lifestyle
risk factors
physical activity
Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases
RC620-627
Polina Viktorovna Popova
Aleksandra Sergeevna Tkachuk
Yana Alexeevna Bolotko
Andrey Sergeevich Gerasimov
Ksenia Alexandrovna Demidova
Evgenii Anatol'evich Pustozerov
Liubov Vladimirovna Kuznetsova
Elena Nikolaevna Grineva
Risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: which lifestyle parameters should be changed?
description Background. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication of pregnancy. It can cause significant problems for the mother and offspring, such as caesarean delivery, birth trauma and the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the future. The identification and correction of modifiable risk factors for GDM will provide a possibility to prevent these complications. Aim. This study aimed to identify the most significant lifestyle parameters affecting the risk of developing GDM. Methods. The study included 680 pregnant women who underwent oral glucose tolerance test at 24–32 weeks of pregnancy and responded to a questionnaire comprising the following sections stratified in a semi-quantitative manner: the consumption of major food groups and drinks and the amount of physical activity and smoking before and during pregnancy. A logistic regression analysis was performed to identify lifestyle parameters that influence GDM development. GDM was diagnosed according to the IADPSG criteria. Results. GDM was diagnosed in 266 women; the other 414 women formed the control group. The most significant dietary risk factor for developing GDM was the consumption of sausage(s), dried fruits and fresh fruits. Eating sausage(s) more than thrice a week during pregnancy increased the risk of developing GDM by 2.4 times [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.5–3.8; p < 0.001] and so did the consumption of dried fruits more than thrice a week during pregnancy [odds ratio (OR), 6.5; 95% CI, 2.5–16.8; p < 0.001)] compared with the risk of GDM by less consumption of these food groups. A regular consumption of fresh fruits more than 12 times a week during pregnancy reduced the risk of GDM (OR, 0.5; 95% CI, 0.3–0.8; p = 0.015). The habit of climbing at least four floors per day during pregnancy also reduced the risk of GDM (OR, 0.7; 95% CI, 0.5–1.0; p = 0.069). Conclusions. The recommendations for GDM prevention should include limiting the consumption of sausage(s) and dried fruits, increasing the consumption of fresh fruits and introducing regular physical activities, such as climbing stairs.
format article
author Polina Viktorovna Popova
Aleksandra Sergeevna Tkachuk
Yana Alexeevna Bolotko
Andrey Sergeevich Gerasimov
Ksenia Alexandrovna Demidova
Evgenii Anatol'evich Pustozerov
Liubov Vladimirovna Kuznetsova
Elena Nikolaevna Grineva
author_facet Polina Viktorovna Popova
Aleksandra Sergeevna Tkachuk
Yana Alexeevna Bolotko
Andrey Sergeevich Gerasimov
Ksenia Alexandrovna Demidova
Evgenii Anatol'evich Pustozerov
Liubov Vladimirovna Kuznetsova
Elena Nikolaevna Grineva
author_sort Polina Viktorovna Popova
title Risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: which lifestyle parameters should be changed?
title_short Risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: which lifestyle parameters should be changed?
title_full Risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: which lifestyle parameters should be changed?
title_fullStr Risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: which lifestyle parameters should be changed?
title_full_unstemmed Risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: which lifestyle parameters should be changed?
title_sort risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: which lifestyle parameters should be changed?
publisher Endocrinology Research Centre
publishDate 2017
url https://doaj.org/article/f61f6203ca724e4f98b1e20f51ebf05e
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