A portfolio approach to managing ecological risks of global change

The stressors of global environmental change make it impossible over the long term for natural systems to maintain their historical composition. Conservation's new objective must be to maintain the building blocks of future systems (e.g., species, genes, soil types, and landforms) as they conti...

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Autores principales:	Gregory H. Aplet, Peter S. Mckinley
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Taylor & Francis Group 2017
Materias:	adaptive management biodiversity connectivity global change gradients portfolio reserve restoration risk spreading transformation Ecology QH540-549.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f64b5d59b8bd47dcb654d7c0d2ef4226
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f64b5d59b8bd47dcb654d7c0d2ef42262021-12-02T12:52:12ZA portfolio approach to managing ecological risks of global change2096-41292332-887810.1002/ehs2.1261https://doaj.org/article/f64b5d59b8bd47dcb654d7c0d2ef42262017-02-01T00:00:00Zhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ehs2.1261https://doaj.org/toc/2096-4129https://doaj.org/toc/2332-8878The stressors of global environmental change make it impossible over the long term for natural systems to maintain their historical composition. Conservation's new objective must be to maintain the building blocks of future systems (e.g., species, genes, soil types, and landforms) as they continuously rearrange. Because of the certainty of change, some biologists and managers question continued use of retrospective conservation strategies (e.g., reserves and restoration) informed by the historical range of variability. Prospective strategies that manage toward anticipated conditions have joined the conservation toolbox alongside retrospective conservation. We argue that high uncertainty around the rates and trajectories of climate and ecological change dictate the need to spread ecological risk using prospective and retrospective strategies across conservation networks in a systematic and adaptively managed approach. We term this a portfolio approach drawing comparisons to financial portfolio risk management as a means to maximize conservation benefit and learning. As with a financial portfolio, the portfolio approach requires that management allocations receive minimum temporal commitments to realize longer‐term benefits. Our approach requires segregation of the strategies into three landscape zones to avoid counterproductive interactions. The zones will be managed to (1) observe change, (2) resist change, and (3) facilitate change. We offer guidelines for zone allocation based on ecological integrity. All zones should follow principles of conservation design traditionally applied to reserves. Comparable to financial portfolios, zone performance is monitored to facilitate learning and potential reallocation for long‐term net minimization of risk to the building blocks of future ecosystems.Gregory H. ApletPeter S. MckinleyTaylor & Francis Grouparticleadaptive managementbiodiversityconnectivityglobal changegradientsportfolioreserverestorationrisk spreadingtransformationEcologyQH540-549.5ENEcosystem Health and Sustainability, Vol 3, Iss 2 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	adaptive management biodiversity connectivity global change gradients portfolio reserve restoration risk spreading transformation Ecology QH540-549.5
spellingShingle	adaptive management biodiversity connectivity global change gradients portfolio reserve restoration risk spreading transformation Ecology QH540-549.5 Gregory H. Aplet Peter S. Mckinley A portfolio approach to managing ecological risks of global change
description	The stressors of global environmental change make it impossible over the long term for natural systems to maintain their historical composition. Conservation's new objective must be to maintain the building blocks of future systems (e.g., species, genes, soil types, and landforms) as they continuously rearrange. Because of the certainty of change, some biologists and managers question continued use of retrospective conservation strategies (e.g., reserves and restoration) informed by the historical range of variability. Prospective strategies that manage toward anticipated conditions have joined the conservation toolbox alongside retrospective conservation. We argue that high uncertainty around the rates and trajectories of climate and ecological change dictate the need to spread ecological risk using prospective and retrospective strategies across conservation networks in a systematic and adaptively managed approach. We term this a portfolio approach drawing comparisons to financial portfolio risk management as a means to maximize conservation benefit and learning. As with a financial portfolio, the portfolio approach requires that management allocations receive minimum temporal commitments to realize longer‐term benefits. Our approach requires segregation of the strategies into three landscape zones to avoid counterproductive interactions. The zones will be managed to (1) observe change, (2) resist change, and (3) facilitate change. We offer guidelines for zone allocation based on ecological integrity. All zones should follow principles of conservation design traditionally applied to reserves. Comparable to financial portfolios, zone performance is monitored to facilitate learning and potential reallocation for long‐term net minimization of risk to the building blocks of future ecosystems.
format	article
author	Gregory H. Aplet Peter S. Mckinley
author_facet	Gregory H. Aplet Peter S. Mckinley
author_sort	Gregory H. Aplet
title	A portfolio approach to managing ecological risks of global change
title_short	A portfolio approach to managing ecological risks of global change
title_full	A portfolio approach to managing ecological risks of global change
title_fullStr	A portfolio approach to managing ecological risks of global change
title_full_unstemmed	A portfolio approach to managing ecological risks of global change
title_sort	portfolio approach to managing ecological risks of global change
publisher	Taylor & Francis Group
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/f64b5d59b8bd47dcb654d7c0d2ef4226
work_keys_str_mv	AT gregoryhaplet aportfolioapproachtomanagingecologicalrisksofglobalchange AT petersmckinley aportfolioapproachtomanagingecologicalrisksofglobalchange AT gregoryhaplet portfolioapproachtomanagingecologicalrisksofglobalchange AT petersmckinley portfolioapproachtomanagingecologicalrisksofglobalchange
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A portfolio approach to managing ecological risks of global change

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