Ethanol-guided behavior in Drosophila larvae

Abstract Chemosensory signals allow vertebrates and invertebrates not only to orient in its environment toward energy-rich food sources to maintain nutrition but also to avoid unpleasant or even poisonous substrates. Ethanol is a substance found in the natural environment of Drosophila melanogaster....

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Autores principales:	Isabell Schumann, Michael Berger, Nadine Nowag, Yannick Schäfer, Juliane Saumweber, Henrike Scholz, Andreas S. Thum
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f6713132cae34742a2008a531c4b1b7d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f6713132cae34742a2008a531c4b1b7d2021-12-02T17:34:31ZEthanol-guided behavior in Drosophila larvae10.1038/s41598-021-91677-32045-2322https://doaj.org/article/f6713132cae34742a2008a531c4b1b7d2021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-91677-3https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Chemosensory signals allow vertebrates and invertebrates not only to orient in its environment toward energy-rich food sources to maintain nutrition but also to avoid unpleasant or even poisonous substrates. Ethanol is a substance found in the natural environment of Drosophila melanogaster. Accordingly, D. melanogaster has evolved specific sensory systems, physiological adaptations, and associated behaviors at its larval and adult stage to perceive and process ethanol. To systematically analyze how D. melanogaster larvae respond to naturally occurring ethanol, we examined ethanol-induced behavior in great detail by reevaluating existing approaches and comparing them with new experiments. Using behavioral assays, we confirm that larvae are attracted to different concentrations of ethanol in their environment. This behavior is controlled by olfactory and other environmental cues. It is independent of previous exposure to ethanol in their food. Moreover, moderate, naturally occurring ethanol concentration of 4% results in increased larval fitness. On the contrary, higher concentrations of 10% and 20% ethanol, which rarely or never appear in nature, increase larval mortality. Finally, ethanol also serves as a positive teaching signal in learning and memory and updates valence associated with simultaneously processed odor information. Since information on how larvae perceive and process ethanol at the genetic and neuronal level is limited, the establishment of standardized assays described here is an important step towards their discovery.Isabell SchumannMichael BergerNadine NowagYannick SchäferJuliane SaumweberHenrike ScholzAndreas S. ThumNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Isabell Schumann Michael Berger Nadine Nowag Yannick Schäfer Juliane Saumweber Henrike Scholz Andreas S. Thum Ethanol-guided behavior in Drosophila larvae
description	Abstract Chemosensory signals allow vertebrates and invertebrates not only to orient in its environment toward energy-rich food sources to maintain nutrition but also to avoid unpleasant or even poisonous substrates. Ethanol is a substance found in the natural environment of Drosophila melanogaster. Accordingly, D. melanogaster has evolved specific sensory systems, physiological adaptations, and associated behaviors at its larval and adult stage to perceive and process ethanol. To systematically analyze how D. melanogaster larvae respond to naturally occurring ethanol, we examined ethanol-induced behavior in great detail by reevaluating existing approaches and comparing them with new experiments. Using behavioral assays, we confirm that larvae are attracted to different concentrations of ethanol in their environment. This behavior is controlled by olfactory and other environmental cues. It is independent of previous exposure to ethanol in their food. Moreover, moderate, naturally occurring ethanol concentration of 4% results in increased larval fitness. On the contrary, higher concentrations of 10% and 20% ethanol, which rarely or never appear in nature, increase larval mortality. Finally, ethanol also serves as a positive teaching signal in learning and memory and updates valence associated with simultaneously processed odor information. Since information on how larvae perceive and process ethanol at the genetic and neuronal level is limited, the establishment of standardized assays described here is an important step towards their discovery.
format	article
author	Isabell Schumann Michael Berger Nadine Nowag Yannick Schäfer Juliane Saumweber Henrike Scholz Andreas S. Thum
author_facet	Isabell Schumann Michael Berger Nadine Nowag Yannick Schäfer Juliane Saumweber Henrike Scholz Andreas S. Thum
author_sort	Isabell Schumann
title	Ethanol-guided behavior in Drosophila larvae
title_short	Ethanol-guided behavior in Drosophila larvae
title_full	Ethanol-guided behavior in Drosophila larvae
title_fullStr	Ethanol-guided behavior in Drosophila larvae
title_full_unstemmed	Ethanol-guided behavior in Drosophila larvae
title_sort	ethanol-guided behavior in drosophila larvae
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f6713132cae34742a2008a531c4b1b7d
work_keys_str_mv	AT isabellschumann ethanolguidedbehaviorindrosophilalarvae AT michaelberger ethanolguidedbehaviorindrosophilalarvae AT nadinenowag ethanolguidedbehaviorindrosophilalarvae AT yannickschafer ethanolguidedbehaviorindrosophilalarvae AT julianesaumweber ethanolguidedbehaviorindrosophilalarvae AT henrikescholz ethanolguidedbehaviorindrosophilalarvae AT andreassthum ethanolguidedbehaviorindrosophilalarvae
_version_	1718379976040906752

Ethanol-guided behavior in Drosophila larvae

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