Children do not distinguish efficient from inefficient actions during observation

Abstract Observation is a powerful way to learn efficient actions from others. However, the role of observers’ motor skill in assessing efficiency of others is unknown. Preschoolers are notoriously poor at performing multi-step actions like grasping the handle of a tool. Preschoolers (N = 22) and ad...

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Autores principales:	Ori Ossmy, Danyang Han, Brianna E. Kaplan, Melody Xu, Catherine Bianco, Roy Mukamel, Karen E. Adolph
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f67b323a1c494996af58efb04d0f161d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f67b323a1c494996af58efb04d0f161d2021-12-02T17:24:12ZChildren do not distinguish efficient from inefficient actions during observation10.1038/s41598-021-97354-92045-2322https://doaj.org/article/f67b323a1c494996af58efb04d0f161d2021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97354-9https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Observation is a powerful way to learn efficient actions from others. However, the role of observers’ motor skill in assessing efficiency of others is unknown. Preschoolers are notoriously poor at performing multi-step actions like grasping the handle of a tool. Preschoolers (N = 22) and adults (N = 22) watched video-recorded actors perform efficient and inefficient tool use. Eye tracking showed that preschoolers and adults looked equally long at the videos, but adults looked longer than children at how actors grasped the tool. Deep learning analyses of participants’ eye gaze distinguished efficient from inefficient grasps for adults, but not for children. Moreover, only adults showed differential action-related pupil dilation and neural activity (suppressed oscillation power in the mu frequency) while observing efficient vs. inefficient grasps. Thus, children observe multi-step actions without “seeing” whether the initial step is efficient. Findings suggest that observer’s own motor efficiency determines whether they can perceive action efficiency in others.Ori OssmyDanyang HanBrianna E. KaplanMelody XuCatherine BiancoRoy MukamelKaren E. AdolphNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Ori Ossmy Danyang Han Brianna E. Kaplan Melody Xu Catherine Bianco Roy Mukamel Karen E. Adolph Children do not distinguish efficient from inefficient actions during observation
description	Abstract Observation is a powerful way to learn efficient actions from others. However, the role of observers’ motor skill in assessing efficiency of others is unknown. Preschoolers are notoriously poor at performing multi-step actions like grasping the handle of a tool. Preschoolers (N = 22) and adults (N = 22) watched video-recorded actors perform efficient and inefficient tool use. Eye tracking showed that preschoolers and adults looked equally long at the videos, but adults looked longer than children at how actors grasped the tool. Deep learning analyses of participants’ eye gaze distinguished efficient from inefficient grasps for adults, but not for children. Moreover, only adults showed differential action-related pupil dilation and neural activity (suppressed oscillation power in the mu frequency) while observing efficient vs. inefficient grasps. Thus, children observe multi-step actions without “seeing” whether the initial step is efficient. Findings suggest that observer’s own motor efficiency determines whether they can perceive action efficiency in others.
format	article
author	Ori Ossmy Danyang Han Brianna E. Kaplan Melody Xu Catherine Bianco Roy Mukamel Karen E. Adolph
author_facet	Ori Ossmy Danyang Han Brianna E. Kaplan Melody Xu Catherine Bianco Roy Mukamel Karen E. Adolph
author_sort	Ori Ossmy
title	Children do not distinguish efficient from inefficient actions during observation
title_short	Children do not distinguish efficient from inefficient actions during observation
title_full	Children do not distinguish efficient from inefficient actions during observation
title_fullStr	Children do not distinguish efficient from inefficient actions during observation
title_full_unstemmed	Children do not distinguish efficient from inefficient actions during observation
title_sort	children do not distinguish efficient from inefficient actions during observation
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f67b323a1c494996af58efb04d0f161d
work_keys_str_mv	AT oriossmy childrendonotdistinguishefficientfrominefficientactionsduringobservation AT danyanghan childrendonotdistinguishefficientfrominefficientactionsduringobservation AT briannaekaplan childrendonotdistinguishefficientfrominefficientactionsduringobservation AT melodyxu childrendonotdistinguishefficientfrominefficientactionsduringobservation AT catherinebianco childrendonotdistinguishefficientfrominefficientactionsduringobservation AT roymukamel childrendonotdistinguishefficientfrominefficientactionsduringobservation AT kareneadolph childrendonotdistinguishefficientfrominefficientactionsduringobservation
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Children do not distinguish efficient from inefficient actions during observation

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