Modular chromosome rearrangements reveal parallel and nonparallel adaptation in a marine fish

Abstract Genomic architecture and standing variation can play a key role in ecological adaptation and contribute to the predictability of evolution. In Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), four large chromosomal rearrangements have been associated with ecological gradients and migratory behavior in regional...

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Autores principales:	Tony Kess, Paul Bentzen, Sarah J. Lehnert, Emma V. A. Sylvester, Sigbjørn Lien, Matthew P. Kent, Marion Sinclair‐Waters, Corey Morris, Brendan Wringe, Robert Fairweather, Ian R. Bradbury
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Wiley 2020
Materias:	Atlantic cod environmental association genomic architecture marine migration parallel evolution Ecology QH540-549.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f67f5318c44c42a3b89760e39e6eac06
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f67f5318c44c42a3b89760e39e6eac062021-11-04T13:06:09ZModular chromosome rearrangements reveal parallel and nonparallel adaptation in a marine fish2045-775810.1002/ece3.5828https://doaj.org/article/f67f5318c44c42a3b89760e39e6eac062020-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5828https://doaj.org/toc/2045-7758Abstract Genomic architecture and standing variation can play a key role in ecological adaptation and contribute to the predictability of evolution. In Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), four large chromosomal rearrangements have been associated with ecological gradients and migratory behavior in regional analyses. However, the degree of parallelism, the extent of independent inheritance, and functional distinctiveness of these rearrangements remain poorly understood. Here, we use a 12K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array to demonstrate extensive individual variation in rearrangement genotype within populations across the species range, suggesting that local adaptation to fine‐scale ecological variation is enabled by rearrangements with independent inheritance. Our results demonstrate significant association of rearrangements with migration phenotype and environmental gradients across the species range. Individual rearrangements exhibit functional modularity, but also contain loci showing multiple environmental associations. Clustering in genetic distance trees and reduced differentiation within rearrangements across the species range are consistent with shared variation as a source of contemporary adaptive diversity in Atlantic cod. Conversely, we also find that haplotypes in the LG12 and LG1 rearranged region have diverged across the Atlantic, despite consistent environmental associations. Exchange of these structurally variable genomic regions, as well as local selective pressures, has likely facilitated individual diversity within Atlantic cod stocks. Our results highlight the importance of genomic architecture and standing variation in enabling fine‐scale adaptation in marine species.Tony KessPaul BentzenSarah J. LehnertEmma V. A. SylvesterSigbjørn LienMatthew P. KentMarion Sinclair‐WatersCorey MorrisBrendan WringeRobert FairweatherIan R. BradburyWileyarticleAtlantic codenvironmental associationgenomic architecturemarinemigrationparallel evolutionEcologyQH540-549.5ENEcology and Evolution, Vol 10, Iss 2, Pp 638-653 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Atlantic cod environmental association genomic architecture marine migration parallel evolution Ecology QH540-549.5
spellingShingle	Atlantic cod environmental association genomic architecture marine migration parallel evolution Ecology QH540-549.5 Tony Kess Paul Bentzen Sarah J. Lehnert Emma V. A. Sylvester Sigbjørn Lien Matthew P. Kent Marion Sinclair‐Waters Corey Morris Brendan Wringe Robert Fairweather Ian R. Bradbury Modular chromosome rearrangements reveal parallel and nonparallel adaptation in a marine fish
description	Abstract Genomic architecture and standing variation can play a key role in ecological adaptation and contribute to the predictability of evolution. In Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), four large chromosomal rearrangements have been associated with ecological gradients and migratory behavior in regional analyses. However, the degree of parallelism, the extent of independent inheritance, and functional distinctiveness of these rearrangements remain poorly understood. Here, we use a 12K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array to demonstrate extensive individual variation in rearrangement genotype within populations across the species range, suggesting that local adaptation to fine‐scale ecological variation is enabled by rearrangements with independent inheritance. Our results demonstrate significant association of rearrangements with migration phenotype and environmental gradients across the species range. Individual rearrangements exhibit functional modularity, but also contain loci showing multiple environmental associations. Clustering in genetic distance trees and reduced differentiation within rearrangements across the species range are consistent with shared variation as a source of contemporary adaptive diversity in Atlantic cod. Conversely, we also find that haplotypes in the LG12 and LG1 rearranged region have diverged across the Atlantic, despite consistent environmental associations. Exchange of these structurally variable genomic regions, as well as local selective pressures, has likely facilitated individual diversity within Atlantic cod stocks. Our results highlight the importance of genomic architecture and standing variation in enabling fine‐scale adaptation in marine species.
format	article
author	Tony Kess Paul Bentzen Sarah J. Lehnert Emma V. A. Sylvester Sigbjørn Lien Matthew P. Kent Marion Sinclair‐Waters Corey Morris Brendan Wringe Robert Fairweather Ian R. Bradbury
author_facet	Tony Kess Paul Bentzen Sarah J. Lehnert Emma V. A. Sylvester Sigbjørn Lien Matthew P. Kent Marion Sinclair‐Waters Corey Morris Brendan Wringe Robert Fairweather Ian R. Bradbury
author_sort	Tony Kess
title	Modular chromosome rearrangements reveal parallel and nonparallel adaptation in a marine fish
title_short	Modular chromosome rearrangements reveal parallel and nonparallel adaptation in a marine fish
title_full	Modular chromosome rearrangements reveal parallel and nonparallel adaptation in a marine fish
title_fullStr	Modular chromosome rearrangements reveal parallel and nonparallel adaptation in a marine fish
title_full_unstemmed	Modular chromosome rearrangements reveal parallel and nonparallel adaptation in a marine fish
title_sort	modular chromosome rearrangements reveal parallel and nonparallel adaptation in a marine fish
publisher	Wiley
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/f67f5318c44c42a3b89760e39e6eac06
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Modular chromosome rearrangements reveal parallel and nonparallel adaptation in a marine fish

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