Vitamin D deficiency and depression in obese adults: a comparative observational study

Abstract Background Amongst the contributing factors of depression, vitamin D deficiency has increasingly drawn attention in recent years. This paper seeks to examine the association between serum vitamin D level and depression in patients with obesity. Methods In this comparative observational stud...

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Autores principales:	Leila Kamalzadeh, Malihe Saghafi, Seyede Salehe Mortazavi, Atefeh Ghanbari Jolfaei
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Vitamin D deficiency 25-hydroxyvitamin D Obesity BMI Depression Psychiatry RC435-571
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f6a2f17541834c5c89e7d56aebc8eccc
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f6a2f17541834c5c89e7d56aebc8eccc2021-12-05T12:06:04ZVitamin D deficiency and depression in obese adults: a comparative observational study10.1186/s12888-021-03586-41471-244Xhttps://doaj.org/article/f6a2f17541834c5c89e7d56aebc8eccc2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-021-03586-4https://doaj.org/toc/1471-244XAbstract Background Amongst the contributing factors of depression, vitamin D deficiency has increasingly drawn attention in recent years. This paper seeks to examine the association between serum vitamin D level and depression in patients with obesity. Methods In this comparative observational study, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels were compared between obese individuals with depression (n = 174) and those without depression considering the effect of potential confounders. Participants were selected from males and females aged 18 to 60 years old visiting the outpatient obesity clinic of Rasoul-e Akram hospital, Tehran, Iran. The diagnosis of depressive disorder was made based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) criteria. Additional clinical and laboratory data were collected from hospital electronic records. Mann–Whitney U test (nonparametric), Student’s t-test (parametric), and Chi-squared test were used to analyze the differences between the two groups. To examine age and gender differences in the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and depression, stratified analyses were conducted by age and gender groups. Results The mean 25(OH) D levels were significantly different between depressed and non-depressed groups (20 ± 15 vs. 27 ± 13, P < 0.001). Vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency was detected in 78 and 67% of the depressed and non-depressed groups, respectively, which was significantly different (P = 0.03). The associations between depression and the serum 25(OH) D levels were observed regardless of gender and age. The overall average vitamin D levels were not significantly different between total males and females (22 ± 13 vs. 23 ± 14, P = 0.49). The average level of vitamin D was higher in the older age group (40–60 years) compared to younger participants (18–39 years) (26 ± 15 vs. 21 ± 13, P = 0.004). Conclusion The present study provides additional evidence for the hypothesis that low vitamin D serum concentration is associated with depression in obese adults, and highlights the need for further research to determine whether this association is causal.Leila KamalzadehMalihe SaghafiSeyede Salehe MortazaviAtefeh Ghanbari JolfaeiBMCarticleVitamin D deficiency25-hydroxyvitamin DObesityBMIDepressionPsychiatryRC435-571ENBMC Psychiatry, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-6 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Vitamin D deficiency 25-hydroxyvitamin D Obesity BMI Depression Psychiatry RC435-571
spellingShingle	Vitamin D deficiency 25-hydroxyvitamin D Obesity BMI Depression Psychiatry RC435-571 Leila Kamalzadeh Malihe Saghafi Seyede Salehe Mortazavi Atefeh Ghanbari Jolfaei Vitamin D deficiency and depression in obese adults: a comparative observational study
description	Abstract Background Amongst the contributing factors of depression, vitamin D deficiency has increasingly drawn attention in recent years. This paper seeks to examine the association between serum vitamin D level and depression in patients with obesity. Methods In this comparative observational study, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels were compared between obese individuals with depression (n = 174) and those without depression considering the effect of potential confounders. Participants were selected from males and females aged 18 to 60 years old visiting the outpatient obesity clinic of Rasoul-e Akram hospital, Tehran, Iran. The diagnosis of depressive disorder was made based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) criteria. Additional clinical and laboratory data were collected from hospital electronic records. Mann–Whitney U test (nonparametric), Student’s t-test (parametric), and Chi-squared test were used to analyze the differences between the two groups. To examine age and gender differences in the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and depression, stratified analyses were conducted by age and gender groups. Results The mean 25(OH) D levels were significantly different between depressed and non-depressed groups (20 ± 15 vs. 27 ± 13, P < 0.001). Vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency was detected in 78 and 67% of the depressed and non-depressed groups, respectively, which was significantly different (P = 0.03). The associations between depression and the serum 25(OH) D levels were observed regardless of gender and age. The overall average vitamin D levels were not significantly different between total males and females (22 ± 13 vs. 23 ± 14, P = 0.49). The average level of vitamin D was higher in the older age group (40–60 years) compared to younger participants (18–39 years) (26 ± 15 vs. 21 ± 13, P = 0.004). Conclusion The present study provides additional evidence for the hypothesis that low vitamin D serum concentration is associated with depression in obese adults, and highlights the need for further research to determine whether this association is causal.
format	article
author	Leila Kamalzadeh Malihe Saghafi Seyede Salehe Mortazavi Atefeh Ghanbari Jolfaei
author_facet	Leila Kamalzadeh Malihe Saghafi Seyede Salehe Mortazavi Atefeh Ghanbari Jolfaei
author_sort	Leila Kamalzadeh
title	Vitamin D deficiency and depression in obese adults: a comparative observational study
title_short	Vitamin D deficiency and depression in obese adults: a comparative observational study
title_full	Vitamin D deficiency and depression in obese adults: a comparative observational study
title_fullStr	Vitamin D deficiency and depression in obese adults: a comparative observational study
title_full_unstemmed	Vitamin D deficiency and depression in obese adults: a comparative observational study
title_sort	vitamin d deficiency and depression in obese adults: a comparative observational study
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f6a2f17541834c5c89e7d56aebc8eccc
work_keys_str_mv	AT leilakamalzadeh vitaminddeficiencyanddepressioninobeseadultsacomparativeobservationalstudy AT malihesaghafi vitaminddeficiencyanddepressioninobeseadultsacomparativeobservationalstudy AT seyedesalehemortazavi vitaminddeficiencyanddepressioninobeseadultsacomparativeobservationalstudy AT atefehghanbarijolfaei vitaminddeficiencyanddepressioninobeseadultsacomparativeobservationalstudy
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Vitamin D deficiency and depression in obese adults: a comparative observational study

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