Brain dynamics of (a)typical reading development—a review of longitudinal studies

Abstract Literacy development is a process rather than a single event and thus should be studied at multiple time points. A longitudinal design employing neuroimaging methods offers the possibility to identify neural changes associated with reading development, and to reveal early markers of dyslexi...

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Autores principales:	Katarzyna Chyl, Gorka Fraga-González, Silvia Brem, Katarzyna Jednoróg
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Special aspects of education LC8-6691 Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f6e22b31c28b4caabab6b8705d3fbca2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f6e22b31c28b4caabab6b8705d3fbca22021-12-02T10:44:13ZBrain dynamics of (a)typical reading development—a review of longitudinal studies10.1038/s41539-020-00081-52056-7936https://doaj.org/article/f6e22b31c28b4caabab6b8705d3fbca22021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-020-00081-5https://doaj.org/toc/2056-7936Abstract Literacy development is a process rather than a single event and thus should be studied at multiple time points. A longitudinal design employing neuroimaging methods offers the possibility to identify neural changes associated with reading development, and to reveal early markers of dyslexia. The core of this review is a summary of findings from longitudinal neuroimaging studies on typical and atypical reading development. Studies focused on the prediction of reading gains with a single neuroimaging time point complement this review. Evidence from structural studies suggests that reading development results in increased structural integrity and functional specialization of left-hemispheric language areas. Compromised integrity of some of these tracts in children at risk for dyslexia might be compensated by higher anatomical connectivity in the homologous right hemisphere tracts. Regarding function, activation in phonological and audiovisual integration areas and growing sensitivity to print in the ventral occipito-temporal cortex (vOT) seem to be relevant neurodevelopmental markers of successful reading acquisition. Atypical vOT responses at the beginning of reading training and infant auditory brain potentials have been proposed as neuroimaging predictors of dyslexia that can complement behavioral measures. Besides these insights, longitudinal neuroimaging studies on reading and dyslexia are still relatively scarce and small sample sizes raise legitimate concerns about the reliability of the results. This review discusses the challenges of these studies and provides recommendations to improve this research area. Future longitudinal research with larger sample sizes are needed to improve our knowledge of typical and atypical reading neurodevelopment.Katarzyna ChylGorka Fraga-GonzálezSilvia BremKatarzyna JednorógNature PortfolioarticleSpecial aspects of educationLC8-6691Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571ENnpj Science of Learning, Vol 6, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Special aspects of education LC8-6691 Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
spellingShingle	Special aspects of education LC8-6691 Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Katarzyna Chyl Gorka Fraga-González Silvia Brem Katarzyna Jednoróg Brain dynamics of (a)typical reading development—a review of longitudinal studies
description	Abstract Literacy development is a process rather than a single event and thus should be studied at multiple time points. A longitudinal design employing neuroimaging methods offers the possibility to identify neural changes associated with reading development, and to reveal early markers of dyslexia. The core of this review is a summary of findings from longitudinal neuroimaging studies on typical and atypical reading development. Studies focused on the prediction of reading gains with a single neuroimaging time point complement this review. Evidence from structural studies suggests that reading development results in increased structural integrity and functional specialization of left-hemispheric language areas. Compromised integrity of some of these tracts in children at risk for dyslexia might be compensated by higher anatomical connectivity in the homologous right hemisphere tracts. Regarding function, activation in phonological and audiovisual integration areas and growing sensitivity to print in the ventral occipito-temporal cortex (vOT) seem to be relevant neurodevelopmental markers of successful reading acquisition. Atypical vOT responses at the beginning of reading training and infant auditory brain potentials have been proposed as neuroimaging predictors of dyslexia that can complement behavioral measures. Besides these insights, longitudinal neuroimaging studies on reading and dyslexia are still relatively scarce and small sample sizes raise legitimate concerns about the reliability of the results. This review discusses the challenges of these studies and provides recommendations to improve this research area. Future longitudinal research with larger sample sizes are needed to improve our knowledge of typical and atypical reading neurodevelopment.
format	article
author	Katarzyna Chyl Gorka Fraga-González Silvia Brem Katarzyna Jednoróg
author_facet	Katarzyna Chyl Gorka Fraga-González Silvia Brem Katarzyna Jednoróg
author_sort	Katarzyna Chyl
title	Brain dynamics of (a)typical reading development—a review of longitudinal studies
title_short	Brain dynamics of (a)typical reading development—a review of longitudinal studies
title_full	Brain dynamics of (a)typical reading development—a review of longitudinal studies
title_fullStr	Brain dynamics of (a)typical reading development—a review of longitudinal studies
title_full_unstemmed	Brain dynamics of (a)typical reading development—a review of longitudinal studies
title_sort	brain dynamics of (a)typical reading development—a review of longitudinal studies
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f6e22b31c28b4caabab6b8705d3fbca2
work_keys_str_mv	AT katarzynachyl braindynamicsofatypicalreadingdevelopmentareviewoflongitudinalstudies AT gorkafragagonzalez braindynamicsofatypicalreadingdevelopmentareviewoflongitudinalstudies AT silviabrem braindynamicsofatypicalreadingdevelopmentareviewoflongitudinalstudies AT katarzynajednorog braindynamicsofatypicalreadingdevelopmentareviewoflongitudinalstudies
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Brain dynamics of (a)typical reading development—a review of longitudinal studies

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