Convergence of climate-driven hurricanes and COVID-19: The impact of 2020 hurricanes Eta and Iota on Nicaragua

The 2020 Atlantic hurricane season was notable for a record-setting 30 named storms while, contemporaneously, the COVID-19 pandemic was circumnavigating the globe. The active spread of COVID-19 complicated disaster preparedness and response actions to safeguard coastal and island populations from hu...

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Autores principales:	James M. Shultz, Ryan C. Berg, James P. Kossin, Frederick Burkle Jr, Alessandra Maggioni, Victoria A. Pinilla Escobar, Melissa Nicole Castillo, Zelde Espinel, Sandro Galea
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Climate change COVID-19 Hurricane Tropical cyclone Climate driver Humanitarian emergency Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f7270d1a20414faebeca0defad8e7c09
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f7270d1a20414faebeca0defad8e7c092021-11-18T04:53:49ZConvergence of climate-driven hurricanes and COVID-19: The impact of 2020 hurricanes Eta and Iota on Nicaragua2667-278210.1016/j.joclim.2021.100019https://doaj.org/article/f7270d1a20414faebeca0defad8e7c092021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667278221000171https://doaj.org/toc/2667-2782The 2020 Atlantic hurricane season was notable for a record-setting 30 named storms while, contemporaneously, the COVID-19 pandemic was circumnavigating the globe. The active spread of COVID-19 complicated disaster preparedness and response actions to safeguard coastal and island populations from hurricane hazards. Major hurricanes Eta and Iota, the most powerful storms of the 2020 Atlantic season, made November landfalls just two weeks apart, both coming ashore along the Miskito Coast in Nicaragua's North Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region. Eta and Iota bore the hallmarks of climate-driven storms, including rapid intensification, high peak wind speeds, and decelerating forward motion prior to landfall. Hurricane warning systems, combined with timely evacuation and sheltering procedures, minimized loss of life during hurricane impact. Yet these protective actions potentially elevated risks for COVID-19 transmission for citizens sharing congregate shelters during the storms and for survivors who were displaced post-impact due to severe damage to their homes and communities. International border closures and travel restrictions that were in force to slow the spread of COVID-19 diminished the scope, timeliness, and effectiveness of the humanitarian response for survivors of Eta and Iota. Taken together, the extreme impacts from hurricanes Eta and Iota, compounded by the ubiquitous threat of COVID-19 transmission, and the impediments to international humanitarian response associated with movement restrictions during the pandemic, acted to exacerbate harms to population health for the citizens of Nicaragua.James M. ShultzRyan C. BergJames P. KossinFrederick Burkle JrAlessandra MaggioniVictoria A. Pinilla EscobarMelissa Nicole CastilloZelde EspinelSandro GaleaElsevierarticleClimate changeCOVID-19HurricaneTropical cycloneClimate driverHumanitarian emergencyPublic aspects of medicineRA1-1270Meteorology. ClimatologyQC851-999ENThe Journal of Climate Change and Health, Vol 3, Iss , Pp 100019- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Climate change COVID-19 Hurricane Tropical cyclone Climate driver Humanitarian emergency Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999
spellingShingle	Climate change COVID-19 Hurricane Tropical cyclone Climate driver Humanitarian emergency Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 James M. Shultz Ryan C. Berg James P. Kossin Frederick Burkle Jr Alessandra Maggioni Victoria A. Pinilla Escobar Melissa Nicole Castillo Zelde Espinel Sandro Galea Convergence of climate-driven hurricanes and COVID-19: The impact of 2020 hurricanes Eta and Iota on Nicaragua
description	The 2020 Atlantic hurricane season was notable for a record-setting 30 named storms while, contemporaneously, the COVID-19 pandemic was circumnavigating the globe. The active spread of COVID-19 complicated disaster preparedness and response actions to safeguard coastal and island populations from hurricane hazards. Major hurricanes Eta and Iota, the most powerful storms of the 2020 Atlantic season, made November landfalls just two weeks apart, both coming ashore along the Miskito Coast in Nicaragua's North Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region. Eta and Iota bore the hallmarks of climate-driven storms, including rapid intensification, high peak wind speeds, and decelerating forward motion prior to landfall. Hurricane warning systems, combined with timely evacuation and sheltering procedures, minimized loss of life during hurricane impact. Yet these protective actions potentially elevated risks for COVID-19 transmission for citizens sharing congregate shelters during the storms and for survivors who were displaced post-impact due to severe damage to their homes and communities. International border closures and travel restrictions that were in force to slow the spread of COVID-19 diminished the scope, timeliness, and effectiveness of the humanitarian response for survivors of Eta and Iota. Taken together, the extreme impacts from hurricanes Eta and Iota, compounded by the ubiquitous threat of COVID-19 transmission, and the impediments to international humanitarian response associated with movement restrictions during the pandemic, acted to exacerbate harms to population health for the citizens of Nicaragua.
format	article
author	James M. Shultz Ryan C. Berg James P. Kossin Frederick Burkle Jr Alessandra Maggioni Victoria A. Pinilla Escobar Melissa Nicole Castillo Zelde Espinel Sandro Galea
author_facet	James M. Shultz Ryan C. Berg James P. Kossin Frederick Burkle Jr Alessandra Maggioni Victoria A. Pinilla Escobar Melissa Nicole Castillo Zelde Espinel Sandro Galea
author_sort	James M. Shultz
title	Convergence of climate-driven hurricanes and COVID-19: The impact of 2020 hurricanes Eta and Iota on Nicaragua
title_short	Convergence of climate-driven hurricanes and COVID-19: The impact of 2020 hurricanes Eta and Iota on Nicaragua
title_full	Convergence of climate-driven hurricanes and COVID-19: The impact of 2020 hurricanes Eta and Iota on Nicaragua
title_fullStr	Convergence of climate-driven hurricanes and COVID-19: The impact of 2020 hurricanes Eta and Iota on Nicaragua
title_full_unstemmed	Convergence of climate-driven hurricanes and COVID-19: The impact of 2020 hurricanes Eta and Iota on Nicaragua
title_sort	convergence of climate-driven hurricanes and covid-19: the impact of 2020 hurricanes eta and iota on nicaragua
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f7270d1a20414faebeca0defad8e7c09
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Convergence of climate-driven hurricanes and COVID-19: The impact of 2020 hurricanes Eta and Iota on Nicaragua

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