Efficacy of green synthesized silver nanoparticles via ginger rhizome extract against Leishmania major in vitro.

<h4>Introduction</h4>Leishmaniasis is a major public health problem that causes by parasite of the genus Leishmania. The pentavalent antimonial compounds that used for treatment are not safe or effective enough. The aim of the present study was preparation and evaluation of the efficacy...

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Autores principales:	Mohsen Mohammadi, Leila Zaki, Amir KarimiPourSaryazdi, Pooya Tavakoli, Atiyeh Tavajjohi, Reza Poursalehi, Hamid Delavari, Fatemeh Ghaffarifar
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f74f8c68c2e24f8e96884a197229b223
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f74f8c68c2e24f8e96884a197229b2232021-12-02T20:17:52ZEfficacy of green synthesized silver nanoparticles via ginger rhizome extract against Leishmania major in vitro.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0255571https://doaj.org/article/f74f8c68c2e24f8e96884a197229b2232021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255571https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Introduction</h4>Leishmaniasis is a major public health problem that causes by parasite of the genus Leishmania. The pentavalent antimonial compounds that used for treatment are not safe or effective enough. The aim of the present study was preparation and evaluation of the efficacy of green synthesized silver nanoparticles against Leishmania major (L. major) in vitro.<h4>Methods</h4>To synthesis silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs), ginger extract was added to the 0.2mM AgNO3 aqueous solution (1:20). Effects of different concentrations of Ag-NPs on the number of L. major promastigotes were investigated using counting assay. The MTT test was applied to determine the toxicity of Ag-NPs on promastigotes of L. major, as well as, macrophage cells. Then, to evaluate the anti-amastigotes effects of Ag-NPs, parasites within the macrophages were counted by light microscope. Furthermore, to determine the induced apoptosis and necrotic effects of Ag-NPs on promastigotes, flow cytometry method was employed using annexin staining.<h4>Results</h4>The effect of Ag-NPs on promastigotes and amastigotes of L. major was effective and has a reverse relationship with its concentration. According to the results of anti-amastigote assay, the IC50 value of this nanoparticle was estimated 2.35 ppm after 72h. Also, Ag-NPs caused Programmed Cell Death (PCD) in promastigotes of L. major and showed 60.18% of apoptosis.<h4>Discussion</h4>Based on the mentioned results, it can be concluded that Ag NPs has a beneficial effect on promastigote and amastigote forms of L. major in vitro. Hence, these nanoparticles could be applied as promising antileishmanial agents for treatment of Leishmania infections.Mohsen MohammadiLeila ZakiAmir KarimiPourSaryazdiPooya TavakoliAtiyeh TavajjohiReza PoursalehiHamid DelavariFatemeh GhaffarifarPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 8, p e0255571 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Mohsen Mohammadi Leila Zaki Amir KarimiPourSaryazdi Pooya Tavakoli Atiyeh Tavajjohi Reza Poursalehi Hamid Delavari Fatemeh Ghaffarifar Efficacy of green synthesized silver nanoparticles via ginger rhizome extract against Leishmania major in vitro.
description	<h4>Introduction</h4>Leishmaniasis is a major public health problem that causes by parasite of the genus Leishmania. The pentavalent antimonial compounds that used for treatment are not safe or effective enough. The aim of the present study was preparation and evaluation of the efficacy of green synthesized silver nanoparticles against Leishmania major (L. major) in vitro.<h4>Methods</h4>To synthesis silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs), ginger extract was added to the 0.2mM AgNO3 aqueous solution (1:20). Effects of different concentrations of Ag-NPs on the number of L. major promastigotes were investigated using counting assay. The MTT test was applied to determine the toxicity of Ag-NPs on promastigotes of L. major, as well as, macrophage cells. Then, to evaluate the anti-amastigotes effects of Ag-NPs, parasites within the macrophages were counted by light microscope. Furthermore, to determine the induced apoptosis and necrotic effects of Ag-NPs on promastigotes, flow cytometry method was employed using annexin staining.<h4>Results</h4>The effect of Ag-NPs on promastigotes and amastigotes of L. major was effective and has a reverse relationship with its concentration. According to the results of anti-amastigote assay, the IC50 value of this nanoparticle was estimated 2.35 ppm after 72h. Also, Ag-NPs caused Programmed Cell Death (PCD) in promastigotes of L. major and showed 60.18% of apoptosis.<h4>Discussion</h4>Based on the mentioned results, it can be concluded that Ag NPs has a beneficial effect on promastigote and amastigote forms of L. major in vitro. Hence, these nanoparticles could be applied as promising antileishmanial agents for treatment of Leishmania infections.
format	article
author	Mohsen Mohammadi Leila Zaki Amir KarimiPourSaryazdi Pooya Tavakoli Atiyeh Tavajjohi Reza Poursalehi Hamid Delavari Fatemeh Ghaffarifar
author_facet	Mohsen Mohammadi Leila Zaki Amir KarimiPourSaryazdi Pooya Tavakoli Atiyeh Tavajjohi Reza Poursalehi Hamid Delavari Fatemeh Ghaffarifar
author_sort	Mohsen Mohammadi
title	Efficacy of green synthesized silver nanoparticles via ginger rhizome extract against Leishmania major in vitro.
title_short	Efficacy of green synthesized silver nanoparticles via ginger rhizome extract against Leishmania major in vitro.
title_full	Efficacy of green synthesized silver nanoparticles via ginger rhizome extract against Leishmania major in vitro.
title_fullStr	Efficacy of green synthesized silver nanoparticles via ginger rhizome extract against Leishmania major in vitro.
title_full_unstemmed	Efficacy of green synthesized silver nanoparticles via ginger rhizome extract against Leishmania major in vitro.
title_sort	efficacy of green synthesized silver nanoparticles via ginger rhizome extract against leishmania major in vitro.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f74f8c68c2e24f8e96884a197229b223
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Efficacy of green synthesized silver nanoparticles via ginger rhizome extract against Leishmania major in vitro.

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