Defensive Properties of Mucin Glycoproteins during Respiratory Infections—Relevance for SARS-CoV-2

ABSTRACT Mucus plays a pivotal role in protecting the respiratory tract against microbial infections. It acts as a primary contact site to entrap microbes and facilitates their removal from the respiratory tract via the coordinated beating of motile cilia. The major components of airway mucus are he...

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Autores principales:	Maitrayee Chatterjee, Jos P. M. van Putten, Karin Strijbis
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2020
Materias:	mucosal barrier mucin MUC1 O-linked glycans glycosylation respiratory pathogens Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f74fe0a501004af48d578b239ae65597
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f74fe0a501004af48d578b239ae655972021-11-15T15:55:44ZDefensive Properties of Mucin Glycoproteins during Respiratory Infections—Relevance for SARS-CoV-210.1128/mBio.02374-202150-7511https://doaj.org/article/f74fe0a501004af48d578b239ae655972020-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.02374-20https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT Mucus plays a pivotal role in protecting the respiratory tract against microbial infections. It acts as a primary contact site to entrap microbes and facilitates their removal from the respiratory tract via the coordinated beating of motile cilia. The major components of airway mucus are heavily O-glycosylated mucin glycoproteins, divided into gel-forming mucins and transmembrane mucins. The gel-forming mucins MUC5AC and MUC5B are the primary structural components of airway mucus, and they enable efficient clearance of pathogens by mucociliary clearance. MUC5B is constitutively expressed in the healthy airway, whereas MUC5AC is upregulated in response to inflammatory challenge. MUC1, MUC4, and MUC16 are the three major transmembrane mucins of the respiratory tracts which prevent microbial invasion, can act as releasable decoy receptors, and activate intracellular signal transduction pathways. Pathogens have evolved virulence factors such as adhesins that facilitate interaction with specific mucins and mucin glycans, for example, terminal sialic acids. Mucin expression and glycosylation are dependent on the inflammatory state of the respiratory tract and are directly regulated by proinflammatory cytokines and microbial ligands. Gender and age also impact mucin glycosylation and expression through the female sex hormone estradiol and age-related downregulation of mucin production. Here, we discuss what is currently known about the role of respiratory mucins and their glycans during bacterial and viral infections of the airways and their relevance for the novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Understanding the impact of microbe-mucin interaction in the respiratory tract could inspire the development of novel therapies to boost mucosal defense and combat respiratory infections.Maitrayee ChatterjeeJos P. M. van PuttenKarin StrijbisAmerican Society for Microbiologyarticlemucosal barriermucinMUC1O-linked glycansglycosylationrespiratory pathogensMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 11, Iss 6 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	mucosal barrier mucin MUC1 O-linked glycans glycosylation respiratory pathogens Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	mucosal barrier mucin MUC1 O-linked glycans glycosylation respiratory pathogens Microbiology QR1-502 Maitrayee Chatterjee Jos P. M. van Putten Karin Strijbis Defensive Properties of Mucin Glycoproteins during Respiratory Infections—Relevance for SARS-CoV-2
description	ABSTRACT Mucus plays a pivotal role in protecting the respiratory tract against microbial infections. It acts as a primary contact site to entrap microbes and facilitates their removal from the respiratory tract via the coordinated beating of motile cilia. The major components of airway mucus are heavily O-glycosylated mucin glycoproteins, divided into gel-forming mucins and transmembrane mucins. The gel-forming mucins MUC5AC and MUC5B are the primary structural components of airway mucus, and they enable efficient clearance of pathogens by mucociliary clearance. MUC5B is constitutively expressed in the healthy airway, whereas MUC5AC is upregulated in response to inflammatory challenge. MUC1, MUC4, and MUC16 are the three major transmembrane mucins of the respiratory tracts which prevent microbial invasion, can act as releasable decoy receptors, and activate intracellular signal transduction pathways. Pathogens have evolved virulence factors such as adhesins that facilitate interaction with specific mucins and mucin glycans, for example, terminal sialic acids. Mucin expression and glycosylation are dependent on the inflammatory state of the respiratory tract and are directly regulated by proinflammatory cytokines and microbial ligands. Gender and age also impact mucin glycosylation and expression through the female sex hormone estradiol and age-related downregulation of mucin production. Here, we discuss what is currently known about the role of respiratory mucins and their glycans during bacterial and viral infections of the airways and their relevance for the novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Understanding the impact of microbe-mucin interaction in the respiratory tract could inspire the development of novel therapies to boost mucosal defense and combat respiratory infections.
format	article
author	Maitrayee Chatterjee Jos P. M. van Putten Karin Strijbis
author_facet	Maitrayee Chatterjee Jos P. M. van Putten Karin Strijbis
author_sort	Maitrayee Chatterjee
title	Defensive Properties of Mucin Glycoproteins during Respiratory Infections—Relevance for SARS-CoV-2
title_short	Defensive Properties of Mucin Glycoproteins during Respiratory Infections—Relevance for SARS-CoV-2
title_full	Defensive Properties of Mucin Glycoproteins during Respiratory Infections—Relevance for SARS-CoV-2
title_fullStr	Defensive Properties of Mucin Glycoproteins during Respiratory Infections—Relevance for SARS-CoV-2
title_full_unstemmed	Defensive Properties of Mucin Glycoproteins during Respiratory Infections—Relevance for SARS-CoV-2
title_sort	defensive properties of mucin glycoproteins during respiratory infections—relevance for sars-cov-2
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/f74fe0a501004af48d578b239ae65597
work_keys_str_mv	AT maitrayeechatterjee defensivepropertiesofmucinglycoproteinsduringrespiratoryinfectionsrelevanceforsarscov2 AT jospmvanputten defensivepropertiesofmucinglycoproteinsduringrespiratoryinfectionsrelevanceforsarscov2 AT karinstrijbis defensivepropertiesofmucinglycoproteinsduringrespiratoryinfectionsrelevanceforsarscov2
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Defensive Properties of Mucin Glycoproteins during Respiratory Infections—Relevance for SARS-CoV-2

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