TGF-β-Induced TMEPAI Promotes Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Doxorubicin-Treated Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells via SMAD3 and PI3K/AKT Pathway Alteration

TGF-β-Induced TMEPAI Promotes Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Doxorubicin-Treated Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells via SMAD3 and PI3K/AKT Pathway Alteration

Bantari WK Wardhani,1,2 Melva Louisa,3 Yukihide Watanabe,4 Rianto Setiabudy,3 Mitsuyasu Kato4 1Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; 2Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Military Pharmacy, Indonesia Defense University, West Java, Indonesia; 3Departmen...

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Autores principales: Wardhani BWK, Louisa M, Watanabe Y, Setiabudy R, Kato M
Formato: article
Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: Dove Medical Press 2021
Materias:
pmepai
tgf-
smad3
vimentin
e-cadherin
drug efflux transporters
Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens
RC254-282
Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/f769a8036d7544e8bb51b2a18be4af32
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:f769a8036d7544e8bb51b2a18be4af322021-12-02T17:44:33ZTGF-β-Induced TMEPAI Promotes Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Doxorubicin-Treated Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells via SMAD3 and PI3K/AKT Pathway Alteration1179-1314https://doaj.org/article/f769a8036d7544e8bb51b2a18be4af322021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/tgf--induced-tmepai-promotes-epithelialmesenchymal-transition-in-doxor-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-BCTThttps://doaj.org/toc/1179-1314Bantari WK Wardhani,1,2 Melva Louisa,3 Yukihide Watanabe,4 Rianto Setiabudy,3 Mitsuyasu Kato4 1Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; 2Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Military Pharmacy, Indonesia Defense University, West Java, Indonesia; 3Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; 4Department of Experimental Pathology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, JapanCorrespondence: Melva LouisaDepartment of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Salemba Raya No. 6, Jakarta Pusat, Jakarta, 10430, IndonesiaTel +62 21 3193-481Email melva.louisa@gmail.comIntroduction: Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and overexpression of drug efflux transporters have been reported to cause doxorubicin resistance. Our previous study indicated that TMEPAI (transmembrane prostate androgen-induced protein) attenuated doxorubicin sensitivity in triple-negative breast cancer cells. However, how TMEPAI contributes to doxorubicin resistance in TNBC remains unclear. Thus, the present study aimed to elucidate the mechanism of TMEPAI in doxorubicin resistance in triple-negative breast cancer cells.Methods: We used BT549, triple-negative cells wild type (WT), and BT549 TMEPAI knock-out. Both cells were treated with TGF-β 2 ng/mL for 24 hours, followed by TGF-β 2 ng/mL and doxorubicin 12.9 nM for another 24 hours. Afterward, the cells were harvested and counted. Cells were further lysed and used for RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. We determined the expression levels of proliferation, apoptosis, EMT markers, and drug efflux transporters. Additionally, we investigated the expressions of PI3K as well as SMAD3 and AKT phosphorylation.Results: TNBC cells were shown to be less sensitive to doxorubicin in the presence of TMEPAI. TMEPAI was shown to alleviate the mRNA expressions of apoptosis markers: Bax, Bcl2, Caspase-3, and Caspase-9. Our results indicated that the presence of TMEPAI greatly amplifies EMT and increases drug efflux transporter expressions after doxorubicin treatment. Furthermore, our findings demonstrated that TMEPAI reduced the action of doxorubicin in inhibiting SMAD3 phosphorylation. TMEPAI was also shown to modify the effect of doxorubicin by reducing PI3K expressions and Akt phosphorylation in triple-negative breast cancer cells.Conclusion: Our findings indicate that TMEPAI promotes EMT and drug efflux transporters at least in part by shifting doxorubicin action from SMAD3 phosphorylation reduction to PI3K/AKT inhibition in triple-negative breast cancer cells.Keywords: PMEPAI, TGF-β, SMAD3, vimentin, E-cadherin, drug efflux transportersWardhani BWKLouisa MWatanabe YSetiabudy RKato MDove Medical Pressarticlepmepaitgf-smad3vimentine-cadherindrug efflux transportersNeoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensRC254-282ENBreast Cancer: Targets and Therapy, Vol Volume 13, Pp 529-538 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic pmepai
tgf-
smad3
vimentin
e-cadherin
drug efflux transporters
Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens
RC254-282
spellingShingle pmepai
tgf-
smad3
vimentin
e-cadherin
drug efflux transporters
Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens
RC254-282
Wardhani BWK
Louisa M
Watanabe Y
Setiabudy R
Kato M
TGF-β-Induced TMEPAI Promotes Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Doxorubicin-Treated Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells via SMAD3 and PI3K/AKT Pathway Alteration
description Bantari WK Wardhani,1,2 Melva Louisa,3 Yukihide Watanabe,4 Rianto Setiabudy,3 Mitsuyasu Kato4 1Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; 2Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Military Pharmacy, Indonesia Defense University, West Java, Indonesia; 3Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; 4Department of Experimental Pathology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, JapanCorrespondence: Melva LouisaDepartment of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Salemba Raya No. 6, Jakarta Pusat, Jakarta, 10430, IndonesiaTel +62 21 3193-481Email melva.louisa@gmail.comIntroduction: Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and overexpression of drug efflux transporters have been reported to cause doxorubicin resistance. Our previous study indicated that TMEPAI (transmembrane prostate androgen-induced protein) attenuated doxorubicin sensitivity in triple-negative breast cancer cells. However, how TMEPAI contributes to doxorubicin resistance in TNBC remains unclear. Thus, the present study aimed to elucidate the mechanism of TMEPAI in doxorubicin resistance in triple-negative breast cancer cells.Methods: We used BT549, triple-negative cells wild type (WT), and BT549 TMEPAI knock-out. Both cells were treated with TGF-β 2 ng/mL for 24 hours, followed by TGF-β 2 ng/mL and doxorubicin 12.9 nM for another 24 hours. Afterward, the cells were harvested and counted. Cells were further lysed and used for RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. We determined the expression levels of proliferation, apoptosis, EMT markers, and drug efflux transporters. Additionally, we investigated the expressions of PI3K as well as SMAD3 and AKT phosphorylation.Results: TNBC cells were shown to be less sensitive to doxorubicin in the presence of TMEPAI. TMEPAI was shown to alleviate the mRNA expressions of apoptosis markers: Bax, Bcl2, Caspase-3, and Caspase-9. Our results indicated that the presence of TMEPAI greatly amplifies EMT and increases drug efflux transporter expressions after doxorubicin treatment. Furthermore, our findings demonstrated that TMEPAI reduced the action of doxorubicin in inhibiting SMAD3 phosphorylation. TMEPAI was also shown to modify the effect of doxorubicin by reducing PI3K expressions and Akt phosphorylation in triple-negative breast cancer cells.Conclusion: Our findings indicate that TMEPAI promotes EMT and drug efflux transporters at least in part by shifting doxorubicin action from SMAD3 phosphorylation reduction to PI3K/AKT inhibition in triple-negative breast cancer cells.Keywords: PMEPAI, TGF-β, SMAD3, vimentin, E-cadherin, drug efflux transporters
format article
author Wardhani BWK
Louisa M
Watanabe Y
Setiabudy R
Kato M
author_facet Wardhani BWK
Louisa M
Watanabe Y
Setiabudy R
Kato M
author_sort Wardhani BWK
title TGF-β-Induced TMEPAI Promotes Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Doxorubicin-Treated Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells via SMAD3 and PI3K/AKT Pathway Alteration
title_short TGF-β-Induced TMEPAI Promotes Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Doxorubicin-Treated Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells via SMAD3 and PI3K/AKT Pathway Alteration
title_full TGF-β-Induced TMEPAI Promotes Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Doxorubicin-Treated Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells via SMAD3 and PI3K/AKT Pathway Alteration
title_fullStr TGF-β-Induced TMEPAI Promotes Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Doxorubicin-Treated Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells via SMAD3 and PI3K/AKT Pathway Alteration
title_full_unstemmed TGF-β-Induced TMEPAI Promotes Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Doxorubicin-Treated Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells via SMAD3 and PI3K/AKT Pathway Alteration
title_sort tgf-β-induced tmepai promotes epithelial–mesenchymal transition in doxorubicin-treated triple-negative breast cancer cells via smad3 and pi3k/akt pathway alteration
publisher Dove Medical Press
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/f769a8036d7544e8bb51b2a18be4af32
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