Sex Chromosomes and Master Sex-Determining Genes in Turtles and Other Reptiles

Among tetrapods, the well differentiated heteromorphic sex chromosomes of birds and mammals have been highly investigated and their master sex-determining (MSD) gene, <i>Dmrt1</i> and <i>SRY</i>, respectively, have been identified. The homomorphic sex chromosomes of reptiles...

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Autor principal:	Dominique Thépot
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	Genetic Sex Determination (GSD) lizards snakes squamates homologous genes RAD-seq Genetics QH426-470
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f76bc19f90b4464fa79195af6c15e788
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f76bc19f90b4464fa79195af6c15e7882021-11-25T17:42:23ZSex Chromosomes and Master Sex-Determining Genes in Turtles and Other Reptiles10.3390/genes121118222073-4425https://doaj.org/article/f76bc19f90b4464fa79195af6c15e7882021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/11/1822https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4425Among tetrapods, the well differentiated heteromorphic sex chromosomes of birds and mammals have been highly investigated and their master sex-determining (MSD) gene, <i>Dmrt1</i> and <i>SRY</i>, respectively, have been identified. The homomorphic sex chromosomes of reptiles have been the least studied, but the gap with birds and mammals has begun to fill. This review describes our current knowledge of reptilian sex chromosomes at the cytogenetic and molecular level. Most of it arose recently from various studies comparing male to female gene content. This includes restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-Seq) experiments in several male and female samples, RNA sequencing and identification of Z- or X-linked genes by male/female comparative transcriptome coverage, and male/female transcriptomic or transcriptome/genome substraction approaches allowing the identification of Y- or W-linked transcripts. A few putative master sex-determining (MSD) genes have been proposed, but none has been demonstrated yet. Lastly, future directions in the field of reptilian sex chromosomes and their MSD gene studies are considered.Dominique ThépotMDPI AGarticleGenetic Sex Determination (GSD)lizardssnakessquamateshomologous genesRAD-seqGeneticsQH426-470ENGenes, Vol 12, Iss 1822, p 1822 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Genetic Sex Determination (GSD) lizards snakes squamates homologous genes RAD-seq Genetics QH426-470
spellingShingle	Genetic Sex Determination (GSD) lizards snakes squamates homologous genes RAD-seq Genetics QH426-470 Dominique Thépot Sex Chromosomes and Master Sex-Determining Genes in Turtles and Other Reptiles
description	Among tetrapods, the well differentiated heteromorphic sex chromosomes of birds and mammals have been highly investigated and their master sex-determining (MSD) gene, <i>Dmrt1</i> and <i>SRY</i>, respectively, have been identified. The homomorphic sex chromosomes of reptiles have been the least studied, but the gap with birds and mammals has begun to fill. This review describes our current knowledge of reptilian sex chromosomes at the cytogenetic and molecular level. Most of it arose recently from various studies comparing male to female gene content. This includes restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-Seq) experiments in several male and female samples, RNA sequencing and identification of Z- or X-linked genes by male/female comparative transcriptome coverage, and male/female transcriptomic or transcriptome/genome substraction approaches allowing the identification of Y- or W-linked transcripts. A few putative master sex-determining (MSD) genes have been proposed, but none has been demonstrated yet. Lastly, future directions in the field of reptilian sex chromosomes and their MSD gene studies are considered.
format	article
author	Dominique Thépot
author_facet	Dominique Thépot
author_sort	Dominique Thépot
title	Sex Chromosomes and Master Sex-Determining Genes in Turtles and Other Reptiles
title_short	Sex Chromosomes and Master Sex-Determining Genes in Turtles and Other Reptiles
title_full	Sex Chromosomes and Master Sex-Determining Genes in Turtles and Other Reptiles
title_fullStr	Sex Chromosomes and Master Sex-Determining Genes in Turtles and Other Reptiles
title_full_unstemmed	Sex Chromosomes and Master Sex-Determining Genes in Turtles and Other Reptiles
title_sort	sex chromosomes and master sex-determining genes in turtles and other reptiles
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f76bc19f90b4464fa79195af6c15e788
work_keys_str_mv	AT dominiquethepot sexchromosomesandmastersexdetermininggenesinturtlesandotherreptiles
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Sex Chromosomes and Master Sex-Determining Genes in Turtles and Other Reptiles

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