Anthracene and Pyrene Biodegradation Performance of Marine Sponge Symbiont Bacteria Consortium

Every petroleum-processing plant produces sewage sludge containing several types of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The degradation of PAHs via physical, biological, and chemical methods is not yet efficient. Among biological methods, the use of marine sponge symbiont bacteria is considered...

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Autores principales:	Ismail Marzuki, Ruzkiah Asaf, Mudian Paena, Admi Athirah, Khairun Nisaa, Rasheed Ahmad, Mudyawati Kamaruddin
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	performance biodegradation bacterial consortium marine sponge PAHs Organic chemistry QD241-441
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f84b91368fd244318b9a852d53ef5299
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f84b91368fd244318b9a852d53ef52992021-11-25T18:27:48ZAnthracene and Pyrene Biodegradation Performance of Marine Sponge Symbiont Bacteria Consortium10.3390/molecules262268511420-3049https://doaj.org/article/f84b91368fd244318b9a852d53ef52992021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/22/6851https://doaj.org/toc/1420-3049Every petroleum-processing plant produces sewage sludge containing several types of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The degradation of PAHs via physical, biological, and chemical methods is not yet efficient. Among biological methods, the use of marine sponge symbiont bacteria is considered an alternative and promising approach in the degradation of and reduction in PAHs. This study aimed to explore the potential performance of a consortium of sponge symbiont bacteria in degrading anthracene and pyrene. Three bacterial species (<i>Bacillus pumilus</i> strain GLB197, <i>Pseudomonas stutzeri</i> strain SLG510A3-8, and <i>Acinetobacter calcoaceticus</i> strain SLCDA 976) were mixed to form the consortium. The interaction between the bacterial consortium suspension and PAH components was measured at 5 day intervals for 25 days. The biodegradation performance of bacteria on PAH samples was determined on the basis of five biodegradation parameters. The analysis results showed a decrease in the concentration of anthracene (21.89%) and pyrene (7.71%), equivalent to a ratio of 3:1, followed by a decrease in the abundance of anthracene (60.30%) and pyrene (27.52%), equivalent to a ratio of 2:1. The level of pyrene degradation was lower than that of the anthracene due to fact that pyrene is more toxic and has a more stable molecular structure, which hinders its metabolism by bacterial cells. The products from the biodegradation of the two PAHs are alcohols, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, and a small proportion of aromatic hydrocarbon components.Ismail MarzukiRuzkiah AsafMudian PaenaAdmi AthirahKhairun NisaaRasheed AhmadMudyawati KamaruddinMDPI AGarticleperformancebiodegradationbacterial consortiummarine spongePAHsOrganic chemistryQD241-441ENMolecules, Vol 26, Iss 6851, p 6851 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	performance biodegradation bacterial consortium marine sponge PAHs Organic chemistry QD241-441
spellingShingle	performance biodegradation bacterial consortium marine sponge PAHs Organic chemistry QD241-441 Ismail Marzuki Ruzkiah Asaf Mudian Paena Admi Athirah Khairun Nisaa Rasheed Ahmad Mudyawati Kamaruddin Anthracene and Pyrene Biodegradation Performance of Marine Sponge Symbiont Bacteria Consortium
description	Every petroleum-processing plant produces sewage sludge containing several types of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The degradation of PAHs via physical, biological, and chemical methods is not yet efficient. Among biological methods, the use of marine sponge symbiont bacteria is considered an alternative and promising approach in the degradation of and reduction in PAHs. This study aimed to explore the potential performance of a consortium of sponge symbiont bacteria in degrading anthracene and pyrene. Three bacterial species (<i>Bacillus pumilus</i> strain GLB197, <i>Pseudomonas stutzeri</i> strain SLG510A3-8, and <i>Acinetobacter calcoaceticus</i> strain SLCDA 976) were mixed to form the consortium. The interaction between the bacterial consortium suspension and PAH components was measured at 5 day intervals for 25 days. The biodegradation performance of bacteria on PAH samples was determined on the basis of five biodegradation parameters. The analysis results showed a decrease in the concentration of anthracene (21.89%) and pyrene (7.71%), equivalent to a ratio of 3:1, followed by a decrease in the abundance of anthracene (60.30%) and pyrene (27.52%), equivalent to a ratio of 2:1. The level of pyrene degradation was lower than that of the anthracene due to fact that pyrene is more toxic and has a more stable molecular structure, which hinders its metabolism by bacterial cells. The products from the biodegradation of the two PAHs are alcohols, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, and a small proportion of aromatic hydrocarbon components.
format	article
author	Ismail Marzuki Ruzkiah Asaf Mudian Paena Admi Athirah Khairun Nisaa Rasheed Ahmad Mudyawati Kamaruddin
author_facet	Ismail Marzuki Ruzkiah Asaf Mudian Paena Admi Athirah Khairun Nisaa Rasheed Ahmad Mudyawati Kamaruddin
author_sort	Ismail Marzuki
title	Anthracene and Pyrene Biodegradation Performance of Marine Sponge Symbiont Bacteria Consortium
title_short	Anthracene and Pyrene Biodegradation Performance of Marine Sponge Symbiont Bacteria Consortium
title_full	Anthracene and Pyrene Biodegradation Performance of Marine Sponge Symbiont Bacteria Consortium
title_fullStr	Anthracene and Pyrene Biodegradation Performance of Marine Sponge Symbiont Bacteria Consortium
title_full_unstemmed	Anthracene and Pyrene Biodegradation Performance of Marine Sponge Symbiont Bacteria Consortium
title_sort	anthracene and pyrene biodegradation performance of marine sponge symbiont bacteria consortium
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f84b91368fd244318b9a852d53ef5299
work_keys_str_mv	AT ismailmarzuki anthraceneandpyrenebiodegradationperformanceofmarinespongesymbiontbacteriaconsortium AT ruzkiahasaf anthraceneandpyrenebiodegradationperformanceofmarinespongesymbiontbacteriaconsortium AT mudianpaena anthraceneandpyrenebiodegradationperformanceofmarinespongesymbiontbacteriaconsortium AT admiathirah anthraceneandpyrenebiodegradationperformanceofmarinespongesymbiontbacteriaconsortium AT khairunnisaa anthraceneandpyrenebiodegradationperformanceofmarinespongesymbiontbacteriaconsortium AT rasheedahmad anthraceneandpyrenebiodegradationperformanceofmarinespongesymbiontbacteriaconsortium AT mudyawatikamaruddin anthraceneandpyrenebiodegradationperformanceofmarinespongesymbiontbacteriaconsortium
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Anthracene and Pyrene Biodegradation Performance of Marine Sponge Symbiont Bacteria Consortium

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