Mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 protects animals from lethal SARS-CoV challenge.

Mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 protects animals from lethal SARS-CoV challenge.

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The emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in a pandemic causing significant damage to public health and the economy. Efforts to understand the mechanisms of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been hampered by the lack of robust mouse models. To...

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Autores principales: Antonio Muruato, Michelle N Vu, Bryan A Johnson, Meredith E Davis-Gardner, Abigail Vanderheiden, Kumari Lokugamage, Craig Schindewolf, Patricia A Crocquet-Valdes, Rose M Langsjoen, Jessica A Plante, Kenneth S Plante, Scott C Weaver, Kari Debbink, Andrew L Routh, David Walker, Mehul S Suthar, Pei-Yong Shi, Xuping Xie, Vineet D Menachery
Formato: article
Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:
Biology (General)
QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/f88b62f8b785486da6cd64a014ea3fc2
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Sumario:The emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in a pandemic causing significant damage to public health and the economy. Efforts to understand the mechanisms of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been hampered by the lack of robust mouse models. To overcome this barrier, we used a reverse genetic system to generate a mouse-adapted strain of SARS-CoV-2. Incorporating key mutations found in SARS-CoV-2 variants, this model recapitulates critical elements of human infection including viral replication in the lung, immune cell infiltration, and significant in vivo disease. Importantly, mouse adaptation of SARS-CoV-2 does not impair replication in human airway cells and maintains antigenicity similar to human SARS-CoV-2 strains. Coupled with the incorporation of mutations found in variants of concern, CMA3p20 offers several advantages over other mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 strains. Using this model, we demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2-infected mice are protected from lethal challenge with the original Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV), suggesting immunity from heterologous Coronavirus (CoV) strains. Together, the results highlight the use of this mouse model for further study of SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease.

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