Imbalanced Mach-Zehnder Modulator for Fading Suppression in Dispersion-Uncompensated Direct Detection System

In this work, we systematically analyze the impact of three kinds of Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) imbalances, including bias deviation, amplitude mismatch, and differential time skew in intensity-modulation direct-detection (IM-DD) links. It is shown that, for power fading limited transmission, the...

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Autores principales:	Yixiao Zhu, Xin Miao, Qi Wu, Longjie Yin, Weisheng Hu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	Mach-Zehnder modulator direct detection chromatic dispersion power fading data-center interconnects Electronics TK7800-8360
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f890b2acdebb4c6a845695a5cac2930d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f890b2acdebb4c6a845695a5cac2930d2021-11-25T17:25:28ZImbalanced Mach-Zehnder Modulator for Fading Suppression in Dispersion-Uncompensated Direct Detection System10.3390/electronics102228662079-9292https://doaj.org/article/f890b2acdebb4c6a845695a5cac2930d2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/10/22/2866https://doaj.org/toc/2079-9292In this work, we systematically analyze the impact of three kinds of Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) imbalances, including bias deviation, amplitude mismatch, and differential time skew in intensity-modulation direct-detection (IM-DD) links. It is shown that, for power fading limited transmission, the imbalances can be utilized as advantages rather than impairments. Specifically, the bias deviation with single-arm driven mode and amplitude mismatch with differential driven mode can increase the available bandwidth by shifting the frequency of fading notches. Meanwhile, time skew provides another way to avoid fading by shaping the double sideband (DSB) signal into a vestigial sideband (VSB) with an asymmetrical transfer function. In the transmission experiment, 34 Gbaud Nyquist 6/8-ary pulse amplitude modulation (PAM-6/8) signals are used for investigation in a 20 km dispersion-uncompensated standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) link. With the help of a Volterra nonlinear equalizer, all three kinds of imbalances can achieve bit-error rates (BERs) below the 7% and 20% hard-decision forward error correction (HD-FEC) thresholds for PAM-6 and PAM-8 signals, respectively. The received power sensitivity is also compared at the back-to-back (BTB) case and after fiber transmission. Both numerical simulation and experimental demonstration confirm that the dispersion-induced power fading can be effectively suppressed with bias, amplitude, or skew imbalance, providing a feasible solution for transmission distance extension of C-band DD links.Yixiao ZhuXin MiaoQi WuLongjie YinWeisheng HuMDPI AGarticleMach-Zehnder modulatordirect detectionchromatic dispersionpower fadingdata-center interconnectsElectronicsTK7800-8360ENElectronics, Vol 10, Iss 2866, p 2866 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Mach-Zehnder modulator direct detection chromatic dispersion power fading data-center interconnects Electronics TK7800-8360
spellingShingle	Mach-Zehnder modulator direct detection chromatic dispersion power fading data-center interconnects Electronics TK7800-8360 Yixiao Zhu Xin Miao Qi Wu Longjie Yin Weisheng Hu Imbalanced Mach-Zehnder Modulator for Fading Suppression in Dispersion-Uncompensated Direct Detection System
description	In this work, we systematically analyze the impact of three kinds of Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) imbalances, including bias deviation, amplitude mismatch, and differential time skew in intensity-modulation direct-detection (IM-DD) links. It is shown that, for power fading limited transmission, the imbalances can be utilized as advantages rather than impairments. Specifically, the bias deviation with single-arm driven mode and amplitude mismatch with differential driven mode can increase the available bandwidth by shifting the frequency of fading notches. Meanwhile, time skew provides another way to avoid fading by shaping the double sideband (DSB) signal into a vestigial sideband (VSB) with an asymmetrical transfer function. In the transmission experiment, 34 Gbaud Nyquist 6/8-ary pulse amplitude modulation (PAM-6/8) signals are used for investigation in a 20 km dispersion-uncompensated standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) link. With the help of a Volterra nonlinear equalizer, all three kinds of imbalances can achieve bit-error rates (BERs) below the 7% and 20% hard-decision forward error correction (HD-FEC) thresholds for PAM-6 and PAM-8 signals, respectively. The received power sensitivity is also compared at the back-to-back (BTB) case and after fiber transmission. Both numerical simulation and experimental demonstration confirm that the dispersion-induced power fading can be effectively suppressed with bias, amplitude, or skew imbalance, providing a feasible solution for transmission distance extension of C-band DD links.
format	article
author	Yixiao Zhu Xin Miao Qi Wu Longjie Yin Weisheng Hu
author_facet	Yixiao Zhu Xin Miao Qi Wu Longjie Yin Weisheng Hu
author_sort	Yixiao Zhu
title	Imbalanced Mach-Zehnder Modulator for Fading Suppression in Dispersion-Uncompensated Direct Detection System
title_short	Imbalanced Mach-Zehnder Modulator for Fading Suppression in Dispersion-Uncompensated Direct Detection System
title_full	Imbalanced Mach-Zehnder Modulator for Fading Suppression in Dispersion-Uncompensated Direct Detection System
title_fullStr	Imbalanced Mach-Zehnder Modulator for Fading Suppression in Dispersion-Uncompensated Direct Detection System
title_full_unstemmed	Imbalanced Mach-Zehnder Modulator for Fading Suppression in Dispersion-Uncompensated Direct Detection System
title_sort	imbalanced mach-zehnder modulator for fading suppression in dispersion-uncompensated direct detection system
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f890b2acdebb4c6a845695a5cac2930d
work_keys_str_mv	AT yixiaozhu imbalancedmachzehndermodulatorforfadingsuppressionindispersionuncompensateddirectdetectionsystem AT xinmiao imbalancedmachzehndermodulatorforfadingsuppressionindispersionuncompensateddirectdetectionsystem AT qiwu imbalancedmachzehndermodulatorforfadingsuppressionindispersionuncompensateddirectdetectionsystem AT longjieyin imbalancedmachzehndermodulatorforfadingsuppressionindispersionuncompensateddirectdetectionsystem AT weishenghu imbalancedmachzehndermodulatorforfadingsuppressionindispersionuncompensateddirectdetectionsystem
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Imbalanced Mach-Zehnder Modulator for Fading Suppression in Dispersion-Uncompensated Direct Detection System

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