Water injection as a way for pollution control

The continuous development of internal combustion engines has been permanently limited by pollutant emissions. Hence, in Europe, EURO pollution norms have been implemented, and constantly updated, becoming more restrictive in order to minimize pollution in the major urban areas. Water injection is o...

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Autores principales:	Michael Fratita, Florin Popescu, Jorge Martins, F.P. Brito, Tiago Costa
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Pollution Port water injection Side valve engine Emissions CO HC CO2 Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f89e260372e1403d9b074c27ffa044a6
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:f89e260372e1403d9b074c27ffa044a6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f89e260372e1403d9b074c27ffa044a62021-11-18T04:49:38ZWater injection as a way for pollution control2352-484710.1016/j.egyr.2021.07.099https://doaj.org/article/f89e260372e1403d9b074c27ffa044a62021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352484721005643https://doaj.org/toc/2352-4847The continuous development of internal combustion engines has been permanently limited by pollutant emissions. Hence, in Europe, EURO pollution norms have been implemented, and constantly updated, becoming more restrictive in order to minimize pollution in the major urban areas. Water injection is one of the strategies being explored to improve engine efficiency. However, there is need to assess its influence on pollutant emissions. The paper aims to track the impact of water injection in reducing pollutant emissions. The present study was performed on a spark ignition side-valve engine with a water injection system in the intake manifold at constant load and engine speed, and various values for the ratio between water and fuel (W/F) ranging from 0.25 to 1.0 were tested. The tests were performed for two compression ratios of 7.8 and 11.7. CO, CO2, HC, and NOx emissions were tracked depending on the ignition advance. The maximum advance for each case is set by the knock limit.Michael FratitaFlorin PopescuJorge MartinsF.P. BritoTiago CostaElsevierarticlePollutionPort water injectionSide valve engineEmissions COHCCO2Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringTK1-9971ENEnergy Reports, Vol 7, Iss , Pp 543-549 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Pollution Port water injection Side valve engine Emissions CO HC CO2 Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971
spellingShingle	Pollution Port water injection Side valve engine Emissions CO HC CO2 Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Michael Fratita Florin Popescu Jorge Martins F.P. Brito Tiago Costa Water injection as a way for pollution control
description	The continuous development of internal combustion engines has been permanently limited by pollutant emissions. Hence, in Europe, EURO pollution norms have been implemented, and constantly updated, becoming more restrictive in order to minimize pollution in the major urban areas. Water injection is one of the strategies being explored to improve engine efficiency. However, there is need to assess its influence on pollutant emissions. The paper aims to track the impact of water injection in reducing pollutant emissions. The present study was performed on a spark ignition side-valve engine with a water injection system in the intake manifold at constant load and engine speed, and various values for the ratio between water and fuel (W/F) ranging from 0.25 to 1.0 were tested. The tests were performed for two compression ratios of 7.8 and 11.7. CO, CO2, HC, and NOx emissions were tracked depending on the ignition advance. The maximum advance for each case is set by the knock limit.
format	article
author	Michael Fratita Florin Popescu Jorge Martins F.P. Brito Tiago Costa
author_facet	Michael Fratita Florin Popescu Jorge Martins F.P. Brito Tiago Costa
author_sort	Michael Fratita
title	Water injection as a way for pollution control
title_short	Water injection as a way for pollution control
title_full	Water injection as a way for pollution control
title_fullStr	Water injection as a way for pollution control
title_full_unstemmed	Water injection as a way for pollution control
title_sort	water injection as a way for pollution control
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f89e260372e1403d9b074c27ffa044a6
work_keys_str_mv	AT michaelfratita waterinjectionasawayforpollutioncontrol AT florinpopescu waterinjectionasawayforpollutioncontrol AT jorgemartins waterinjectionasawayforpollutioncontrol AT fpbrito waterinjectionasawayforpollutioncontrol AT tiagocosta waterinjectionasawayforpollutioncontrol
_version_	1718425013984428032

Water injection as a way for pollution control

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