Parental support and monitoring as associated with adolescent alcohol and tobacco use by gender and age

Abstract Background Parental support (PS) and parental monitoring (PM) are known protective factors against adolescent substance use (SU). However, little is known about whether PS and PM may affect SU outcomes differently by gender and age. This study examined the relationship between PS and PM and...

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Autores principales:	Rosalina Mills, Michael J. Mann, Megan L. Smith, Alfgeir L. Kristjansson
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Parental support Parental monitoring Adolescent substance use Appalachia Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f8d50b97ad164aad8c7ec66675640363
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f8d50b97ad164aad8c7ec666756403632021-11-08T10:44:13ZParental support and monitoring as associated with adolescent alcohol and tobacco use by gender and age10.1186/s12889-021-12119-31471-2458https://doaj.org/article/f8d50b97ad164aad8c7ec666756403632021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-12119-3https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2458Abstract Background Parental support (PS) and parental monitoring (PM) are known protective factors against adolescent substance use (SU). However, little is known about whether PS and PM may affect SU outcomes differently by gender and age. This study examined the relationship between PS and PM and adolescent SU, specifically alcohol and tobacco use, stratified by gender and age group. Methods Middle and high school students (n = 2351, 48.5% Female) completed surveys of self-reported SU, perceived PS and PM, and socioeconomic background. Age group was defined dichotomously as grade 7–8 Middle school and grade 9–10 High school students. PS and PM were each measured using previously validated tools. SU was measured by lifetime and past 30 days cigarette/alcohol use. One-way ANOVA and binary logistic regression models were completed. Odds ratios and means were reported. Results PS and PM were significantly and negatively related to all outcome variables regardless of gender and age group. Mean differences in PS and PM were insignificant between age groups. Between genders, PM scores were significantly higher for girls (14.05) compared to boys (13.48) (p < 0.01). Odds Ratios of all four SU types (for alcohol and tobacco use) increased with higher age group, with ORs ranging from 1.45–2.61 (p < .05). Conclusions PS and PM were protective against SU for all participants, consistent with previous literature. Girls reported greater parental monitoring than boys, irrespective of age-group. While girls experienced higher levels of monitoring, they did not report lower SU than boys. This suggests that monitoring girls more closely than boys appears unnecessary in preventing adolescent SU. Finally, PS was a more significant factor in preventing SU for older adolescents (high school aged group) than for younger adolescents, irrespective of gender suggesting that PS may be more impactful and important as adolescents age. As children mature, particularly from middle school to high school, PS may play a larger role in preventing SU for older adolescents compared to younger ones.Rosalina MillsMichael J. MannMegan L. SmithAlfgeir L. KristjanssonBMCarticleParental supportParental monitoringAdolescent substance useAppalachiaPublic aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENBMC Public Health, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Parental support Parental monitoring Adolescent substance use Appalachia Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	Parental support Parental monitoring Adolescent substance use Appalachia Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Rosalina Mills Michael J. Mann Megan L. Smith Alfgeir L. Kristjansson Parental support and monitoring as associated with adolescent alcohol and tobacco use by gender and age
description	Abstract Background Parental support (PS) and parental monitoring (PM) are known protective factors against adolescent substance use (SU). However, little is known about whether PS and PM may affect SU outcomes differently by gender and age. This study examined the relationship between PS and PM and adolescent SU, specifically alcohol and tobacco use, stratified by gender and age group. Methods Middle and high school students (n = 2351, 48.5% Female) completed surveys of self-reported SU, perceived PS and PM, and socioeconomic background. Age group was defined dichotomously as grade 7–8 Middle school and grade 9–10 High school students. PS and PM were each measured using previously validated tools. SU was measured by lifetime and past 30 days cigarette/alcohol use. One-way ANOVA and binary logistic regression models were completed. Odds ratios and means were reported. Results PS and PM were significantly and negatively related to all outcome variables regardless of gender and age group. Mean differences in PS and PM were insignificant between age groups. Between genders, PM scores were significantly higher for girls (14.05) compared to boys (13.48) (p < 0.01). Odds Ratios of all four SU types (for alcohol and tobacco use) increased with higher age group, with ORs ranging from 1.45–2.61 (p < .05). Conclusions PS and PM were protective against SU for all participants, consistent with previous literature. Girls reported greater parental monitoring than boys, irrespective of age-group. While girls experienced higher levels of monitoring, they did not report lower SU than boys. This suggests that monitoring girls more closely than boys appears unnecessary in preventing adolescent SU. Finally, PS was a more significant factor in preventing SU for older adolescents (high school aged group) than for younger adolescents, irrespective of gender suggesting that PS may be more impactful and important as adolescents age. As children mature, particularly from middle school to high school, PS may play a larger role in preventing SU for older adolescents compared to younger ones.
format	article
author	Rosalina Mills Michael J. Mann Megan L. Smith Alfgeir L. Kristjansson
author_facet	Rosalina Mills Michael J. Mann Megan L. Smith Alfgeir L. Kristjansson
author_sort	Rosalina Mills
title	Parental support and monitoring as associated with adolescent alcohol and tobacco use by gender and age
title_short	Parental support and monitoring as associated with adolescent alcohol and tobacco use by gender and age
title_full	Parental support and monitoring as associated with adolescent alcohol and tobacco use by gender and age
title_fullStr	Parental support and monitoring as associated with adolescent alcohol and tobacco use by gender and age
title_full_unstemmed	Parental support and monitoring as associated with adolescent alcohol and tobacco use by gender and age
title_sort	parental support and monitoring as associated with adolescent alcohol and tobacco use by gender and age
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f8d50b97ad164aad8c7ec66675640363
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Parental support and monitoring as associated with adolescent alcohol and tobacco use by gender and age

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