Influence of exposure history on the immunology and development of resistance to human Schistosomiasis mansoni.

<h4>Background</h4>Previous studies suggest that humans can acquire immunity to reinfection with schistosomes, most probably due to immunologic mechanisms acquired after exposure to dying schistosome worms.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>We followed longitudinally two...

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Autores principales:	Carla L Black, Pauline N M Mwinzi, Erick M O Muok, Bernard Abudho, Colin M Fitzsimmons, David W Dunne, Diana M S Karanja, W Evan Secor, Daniel G Colley
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2010
Materias:	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f91e9c585d554c5a83f7773188ea0315
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f91e9c585d554c5a83f7773188ea03152021-12-02T20:23:51ZInfluence of exposure history on the immunology and development of resistance to human Schistosomiasis mansoni.1935-27271935-273510.1371/journal.pntd.0000637https://doaj.org/article/f91e9c585d554c5a83f7773188ea03152010-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/20351784/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735<h4>Background</h4>Previous studies suggest that humans can acquire immunity to reinfection with schistosomes, most probably due to immunologic mechanisms acquired after exposure to dying schistosome worms.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>We followed longitudinally two cohorts of adult males occupationally exposed to Schistosoma mansoni by washing cars (120 men) or harvesting sand (53 men) in Lake Victoria. Men were treated with praziquantel each time S. mansoni infection was detected. In car washers, a significant increase in resistance to reinfection, as measured by the number of cars washed between cure and reinfection, was observed after the car washers had experienced, on average, seven cures. In the car washers who developed resistance, the level of schistosome-specific IgE increased between baseline and the time at which development of resistance was first evidenced. In the sand harvesters, a significant increase in resistance, as measured by the number of days worked in the lake between cure and reinfection, was observed after only two cures. History of exposure to S. mansoni differed between the two cohorts, with the majority of sand harvesters being lifelong residents of a village endemic for S. mansoni and the majority of car washers having little exposure to the lake before they began washing cars. Immune responses at study entry were indicative of more recent infections in car washers and more chronic infections in sand harvesters.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Resistance to reinfection with S. mansoni can be acquired or augmented by adults after multiple rounds of reinfection and cure, but the rate at which resistance is acquired by this means depends on immunologic status and history of exposure to S. mansoni infection.Carla L BlackPauline N M MwinziErick M O MuokBernard AbudhoColin M FitzsimmonsDavid W DunneDiana M S KaranjaW Evan SecorDaniel G ColleyPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleArctic medicine. Tropical medicineRC955-962Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENPLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 4, Iss 3, p e637 (2010)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Carla L Black Pauline N M Mwinzi Erick M O Muok Bernard Abudho Colin M Fitzsimmons David W Dunne Diana M S Karanja W Evan Secor Daniel G Colley Influence of exposure history on the immunology and development of resistance to human Schistosomiasis mansoni.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Previous studies suggest that humans can acquire immunity to reinfection with schistosomes, most probably due to immunologic mechanisms acquired after exposure to dying schistosome worms.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>We followed longitudinally two cohorts of adult males occupationally exposed to Schistosoma mansoni by washing cars (120 men) or harvesting sand (53 men) in Lake Victoria. Men were treated with praziquantel each time S. mansoni infection was detected. In car washers, a significant increase in resistance to reinfection, as measured by the number of cars washed between cure and reinfection, was observed after the car washers had experienced, on average, seven cures. In the car washers who developed resistance, the level of schistosome-specific IgE increased between baseline and the time at which development of resistance was first evidenced. In the sand harvesters, a significant increase in resistance, as measured by the number of days worked in the lake between cure and reinfection, was observed after only two cures. History of exposure to S. mansoni differed between the two cohorts, with the majority of sand harvesters being lifelong residents of a village endemic for S. mansoni and the majority of car washers having little exposure to the lake before they began washing cars. Immune responses at study entry were indicative of more recent infections in car washers and more chronic infections in sand harvesters.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Resistance to reinfection with S. mansoni can be acquired or augmented by adults after multiple rounds of reinfection and cure, but the rate at which resistance is acquired by this means depends on immunologic status and history of exposure to S. mansoni infection.
format	article
author	Carla L Black Pauline N M Mwinzi Erick M O Muok Bernard Abudho Colin M Fitzsimmons David W Dunne Diana M S Karanja W Evan Secor Daniel G Colley
author_facet	Carla L Black Pauline N M Mwinzi Erick M O Muok Bernard Abudho Colin M Fitzsimmons David W Dunne Diana M S Karanja W Evan Secor Daniel G Colley
author_sort	Carla L Black
title	Influence of exposure history on the immunology and development of resistance to human Schistosomiasis mansoni.
title_short	Influence of exposure history on the immunology and development of resistance to human Schistosomiasis mansoni.
title_full	Influence of exposure history on the immunology and development of resistance to human Schistosomiasis mansoni.
title_fullStr	Influence of exposure history on the immunology and development of resistance to human Schistosomiasis mansoni.
title_full_unstemmed	Influence of exposure history on the immunology and development of resistance to human Schistosomiasis mansoni.
title_sort	influence of exposure history on the immunology and development of resistance to human schistosomiasis mansoni.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2010
url	https://doaj.org/article/f91e9c585d554c5a83f7773188ea0315
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Influence of exposure history on the immunology and development of resistance to human Schistosomiasis mansoni.

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