Microbial Contamination of Extended Use Ophthalmic Drops in Ophthalmology Clinic

Shee Wen Chua,1,2 Mushawiahti Mustapha,1 Kon Ken Wong,3 Malisa Ami,4 Aida Zairani Mohd Zahidin,5 Rona Asnida Nasaruddin1 1Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 2Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Unive...

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Autores principales:	Chua SW, Mustapha M, Wong KK, Ami M, Mohd Zahidin AZ, Nasaruddin RA
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2021
Materias:	contamination rate extended period preserved ophthalmic drops multi-user Ophthalmology RE1-994
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f929e0a7278a406fbd8dfe6b929ec6c0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f929e0a7278a406fbd8dfe6b929ec6c02021-12-02T16:27:04ZMicrobial Contamination of Extended Use Ophthalmic Drops in Ophthalmology Clinic1177-5483https://doaj.org/article/f929e0a7278a406fbd8dfe6b929ec6c02021-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/microbial-contamination-of-extended-use-ophthalmic-drops-in-ophthalmol-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-OPTHhttps://doaj.org/toc/1177-5483Shee Wen Chua,1,2 Mushawiahti Mustapha,1 Kon Ken Wong,3 Malisa Ami,4 Aida Zairani Mohd Zahidin,5 Rona Asnida Nasaruddin1 1Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 2Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia; 3Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 4Sunway Specialist Center Damansara, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia; 5Gleneagles Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaCorrespondence: Mushawiahti MustaphaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, MalaysiaTel +60391455981Email drmusha@gmail.comPurpose: The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of microbial contamination of multi-user preserved ophthalmic drops (POD) in Ophthalmology Outpatient Clinic (OOC), to compare the rate of contamination between the dropper tip and the residual contents in the bottle, and to identify the contaminating organisms.Methods: This was an observational cross-sectional study using a convenience sampling method conducted in the OOC of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Malaysia. The samples of POD bottles were divided into groups obtained after 14 days (T14) and after 30 days (T30) of use. The contamination rate at the dropper tip and in the residual contents was determined and the contaminating organisms were identified.Results: A total of 140 of 149 extended-use POD bottles were included. The prevalence of contamination was 30%. There was a statistically significant difference in the rate of contamination between samples T14 and T30 (19% and 11%, respectively; p=0.046). Proparacaine and tropicamide showed higher contamination rates in the T14 samples (p=0.027 and p=0.497, respectively) than in the T30 samples. The site of contamination was higher at the dropper tip than in the residual contents (p> 0.05). Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species were the most frequently identified contaminants (89%).Conclusion: The dropper tip was more contaminated than the residual contents, and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species, which are common commensal flora of the ocular conjunctiva and skin, were the most frequently identified organisms.Keywords: contamination rate, extended period, preserved ophthalmic drops, multi-userChua SWMustapha MWong KKAmi MMohd Zahidin AZNasaruddin RADove Medical Pressarticlecontamination rateextended periodpreserved ophthalmic dropsmulti-userOphthalmologyRE1-994ENClinical Ophthalmology, Vol Volume 15, Pp 3147-3152 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	contamination rate extended period preserved ophthalmic drops multi-user Ophthalmology RE1-994
spellingShingle	contamination rate extended period preserved ophthalmic drops multi-user Ophthalmology RE1-994 Chua SW Mustapha M Wong KK Ami M Mohd Zahidin AZ Nasaruddin RA Microbial Contamination of Extended Use Ophthalmic Drops in Ophthalmology Clinic
description	Shee Wen Chua,1,2 Mushawiahti Mustapha,1 Kon Ken Wong,3 Malisa Ami,4 Aida Zairani Mohd Zahidin,5 Rona Asnida Nasaruddin1 1Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 2Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia; 3Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 4Sunway Specialist Center Damansara, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia; 5Gleneagles Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaCorrespondence: Mushawiahti MustaphaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, MalaysiaTel +60391455981Email drmusha@gmail.comPurpose: The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of microbial contamination of multi-user preserved ophthalmic drops (POD) in Ophthalmology Outpatient Clinic (OOC), to compare the rate of contamination between the dropper tip and the residual contents in the bottle, and to identify the contaminating organisms.Methods: This was an observational cross-sectional study using a convenience sampling method conducted in the OOC of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Malaysia. The samples of POD bottles were divided into groups obtained after 14 days (T14) and after 30 days (T30) of use. The contamination rate at the dropper tip and in the residual contents was determined and the contaminating organisms were identified.Results: A total of 140 of 149 extended-use POD bottles were included. The prevalence of contamination was 30%. There was a statistically significant difference in the rate of contamination between samples T14 and T30 (19% and 11%, respectively; p=0.046). Proparacaine and tropicamide showed higher contamination rates in the T14 samples (p=0.027 and p=0.497, respectively) than in the T30 samples. The site of contamination was higher at the dropper tip than in the residual contents (p> 0.05). Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species were the most frequently identified contaminants (89%).Conclusion: The dropper tip was more contaminated than the residual contents, and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species, which are common commensal flora of the ocular conjunctiva and skin, were the most frequently identified organisms.Keywords: contamination rate, extended period, preserved ophthalmic drops, multi-user
format	article
author	Chua SW Mustapha M Wong KK Ami M Mohd Zahidin AZ Nasaruddin RA
author_facet	Chua SW Mustapha M Wong KK Ami M Mohd Zahidin AZ Nasaruddin RA
author_sort	Chua SW
title	Microbial Contamination of Extended Use Ophthalmic Drops in Ophthalmology Clinic
title_short	Microbial Contamination of Extended Use Ophthalmic Drops in Ophthalmology Clinic
title_full	Microbial Contamination of Extended Use Ophthalmic Drops in Ophthalmology Clinic
title_fullStr	Microbial Contamination of Extended Use Ophthalmic Drops in Ophthalmology Clinic
title_full_unstemmed	Microbial Contamination of Extended Use Ophthalmic Drops in Ophthalmology Clinic
title_sort	microbial contamination of extended use ophthalmic drops in ophthalmology clinic
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f929e0a7278a406fbd8dfe6b929ec6c0
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Microbial Contamination of Extended Use Ophthalmic Drops in Ophthalmology Clinic

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