Carbamazepine removal from aqueous solution by synthesized reduced graphene oxide-nano zero valent iron (Fe0-rGO) composite: theory, process optimization, and coexisting drugs effects
Synthesized Fe0-rGO nanocomposite with ratio of 1/1 (w/w) was prepared and has been used as adsorbent for the removal of Carbamazepine (CBZ) from aqueous solution. The adsorbent was characterized by various techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy-dispersive X-ray sp...
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| Autores principales: | , , , |
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| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN |
| Publicado: |
IWA Publishing
2021
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/f92ca2756f654ec3bda14ec2a4eb95d3 |
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| Sumario: | Synthesized Fe0-rGO nanocomposite with ratio of 1/1 (w/w) was prepared and has been used as adsorbent for the removal of Carbamazepine (CBZ) from aqueous solution. The adsorbent was characterized by various techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) analyses. Linear experiments were performed to compare the best fitting isotherms and kinetics. The Freundlich isotherm (R2>0.90) and pseudo second order kinetic (R2>0.99) fitted well the experimental data. On the basis of the Langmuir isotherm, the maximum adsorption capacity of Fe0-rGO for CBZ was up to 50 mg g−1 at 30 °C. The pH, adsorbent dose, and initial concentration of CBZ were observed to be the leading parameters that affected the removal of CBZ considering the analysis of variance (ANOVA; p<0.05). The optimum process value of variables obtained by numerical optimization corresponds to pH 3.07, an adsorbent dose of 36.2 mg, an initial CBZ concentration of 5 mg L–1 and at 30.15 °C. The results of optimum conditions reveal that a maximum of 94% removal efficiency can be achieved; whereas, this phenomenon was independent of temperature (p-value>0.05). Moreover, Fe0-rGO can be used to remove diclofenac (DIC) and cetirizine (CTZ) simultaneously. To sum up, the Fe0-rGO is a promising adsorbent not only for the efficient removal of CBZ but also for the reduction of coexisting drugs in aqueous solution. HIGHLIGHTS
The nanocomposite was successfully synthesized.;
The adsorption of three hard to remove drugs was investigated.;
The effect of various parameters on CBZ removal were determined.;
The optimum condition for CBZ removal was obtained.;
The interference of coexisting drugs on CBZ adsorption was investigated.; |
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