A Frequency Independent Framework for Synthesis of Programmable Non-reciprocal Networks

Abstract Passive and linear nonreciprocal networks at microwave frequencies hold great promises in enabling new front-end architectures for wireless communication systems. Their non-reciprocity has been achieved by disrupting the time-reversal symmetry using various forms of biasing schemes, but onl...

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Autores principales:	Ruochen Lu, Jack Krol, Liuqing Gao, Songbin Gong
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2018
Materias:	Nonreciprocal Networks Input Multiple Output (MIMO) Delay Line Module Single Pole Single Throw (SPST) Switching Board Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f93d8aa68abf47e09aa1d1f8dfc5c40b
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:f93d8aa68abf47e09aa1d1f8dfc5c40b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f93d8aa68abf47e09aa1d1f8dfc5c40b2021-12-02T11:40:16ZA Frequency Independent Framework for Synthesis of Programmable Non-reciprocal Networks10.1038/s41598-018-32898-x2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/f93d8aa68abf47e09aa1d1f8dfc5c40b2018-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-32898-xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Passive and linear nonreciprocal networks at microwave frequencies hold great promises in enabling new front-end architectures for wireless communication systems. Their non-reciprocity has been achieved by disrupting the time-reversal symmetry using various forms of biasing schemes, but only over a limited frequency range. Here we demonstrate a framework for synthesizing theoretically frequency-independent multi-port nonreciprocal networks. The framework is highly expandable and can have an arbitrary number of ports while simultaneously sustaining balanced performance and providing unprecedented programmability of non-reciprocity. A 4-port circulator based on such a framework is implemented and tested to produce a broadband nonreciprocal performance from 10 MHz to 900 MHz with a temporal switching effort at 23.8 MHz. With the combination of broad bandwidth, low temporal effort, and high programmability, the framework could inspire new ways of implementing multiple input multiple output (MIMO) communication systems for 5G.Ruochen LuJack KrolLiuqing GaoSongbin GongNature PortfolioarticleNonreciprocal NetworksInput Multiple Output (MIMO)Delay Line ModuleSingle Pole Single Throw (SPST)Switching BoardMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Nonreciprocal Networks Input Multiple Output (MIMO) Delay Line Module Single Pole Single Throw (SPST) Switching Board Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Nonreciprocal Networks Input Multiple Output (MIMO) Delay Line Module Single Pole Single Throw (SPST) Switching Board Medicine R Science Q Ruochen Lu Jack Krol Liuqing Gao Songbin Gong A Frequency Independent Framework for Synthesis of Programmable Non-reciprocal Networks
description	Abstract Passive and linear nonreciprocal networks at microwave frequencies hold great promises in enabling new front-end architectures for wireless communication systems. Their non-reciprocity has been achieved by disrupting the time-reversal symmetry using various forms of biasing schemes, but only over a limited frequency range. Here we demonstrate a framework for synthesizing theoretically frequency-independent multi-port nonreciprocal networks. The framework is highly expandable and can have an arbitrary number of ports while simultaneously sustaining balanced performance and providing unprecedented programmability of non-reciprocity. A 4-port circulator based on such a framework is implemented and tested to produce a broadband nonreciprocal performance from 10 MHz to 900 MHz with a temporal switching effort at 23.8 MHz. With the combination of broad bandwidth, low temporal effort, and high programmability, the framework could inspire new ways of implementing multiple input multiple output (MIMO) communication systems for 5G.
format	article
author	Ruochen Lu Jack Krol Liuqing Gao Songbin Gong
author_facet	Ruochen Lu Jack Krol Liuqing Gao Songbin Gong
author_sort	Ruochen Lu
title	A Frequency Independent Framework for Synthesis of Programmable Non-reciprocal Networks
title_short	A Frequency Independent Framework for Synthesis of Programmable Non-reciprocal Networks
title_full	A Frequency Independent Framework for Synthesis of Programmable Non-reciprocal Networks
title_fullStr	A Frequency Independent Framework for Synthesis of Programmable Non-reciprocal Networks
title_full_unstemmed	A Frequency Independent Framework for Synthesis of Programmable Non-reciprocal Networks
title_sort	a frequency independent framework for synthesis of programmable non-reciprocal networks
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/f93d8aa68abf47e09aa1d1f8dfc5c40b
work_keys_str_mv	AT ruochenlu afrequencyindependentframeworkforsynthesisofprogrammablenonreciprocalnetworks AT jackkrol afrequencyindependentframeworkforsynthesisofprogrammablenonreciprocalnetworks AT liuqinggao afrequencyindependentframeworkforsynthesisofprogrammablenonreciprocalnetworks AT songbingong afrequencyindependentframeworkforsynthesisofprogrammablenonreciprocalnetworks
_version_	1718395680328777728

A Frequency Independent Framework for Synthesis of Programmable Non-reciprocal Networks

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