Honey bee Apis mellifera parasites in the absence of Nosema ceranae fungi and Varroa destructor mites.

Few areas of the world have western honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies that are free of invasive parasites Nosema ceranae (fungi) and Varroa destructor (mites). Particularly detrimental is V. destructor; in addition to feeding on host haemolymph, these mites are important vectors of several viruses...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Dave Shutler, Krista Head, Karen L Burgher-MacLellan, Megan J Colwell, Abby L Levitt, Nancy Ostiguy, Geoffrey R Williams
Format: article
Language:EN
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Subjects:
R
Q
Online Access:https://doaj.org/article/f93fb68906ab40ebae7cb9fc90633f0a
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