Particulate Matter Dispersion Modeling in Agricultural Applications: Investigation of a Transient Open Source Solver

Agriculture is a major emitter of particulate matter (PM), which causes health problems and can act as a carrier of the pathogen material that spreads diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate an open-source solver that simulates the transport and dispersion of PM for typical agricultural a...

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Autores principales:	David Janke, Senthilathiban Swaminathan, Sabrina Hempel, Robert Kasper, Thomas Amon
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	large-eddy simulation particle-laden flow dispersed multiphase flow OpenFOAM manure application Agriculture S
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f9789345b5184ee5bb5dce2bd044f9f2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f9789345b5184ee5bb5dce2bd044f9f22021-11-25T16:08:30ZParticulate Matter Dispersion Modeling in Agricultural Applications: Investigation of a Transient Open Source Solver10.3390/agronomy111122462073-4395https://doaj.org/article/f9789345b5184ee5bb5dce2bd044f9f22021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/11/2246https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4395Agriculture is a major emitter of particulate matter (PM), which causes health problems and can act as a carrier of the pathogen material that spreads diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate an open-source solver that simulates the transport and dispersion of PM for typical agricultural applications. We investigated a coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian solver within the open source software package OpenFOAM. The continuous phase was solved using transient large eddy simulations, where four different subgrid-scale turbulence models and an inflow turbulence generator were tested. The discrete phase was simulated using two different Lagrangian solvers. For the validation case of a turbulent flow of a street canyon, the flowfield could be recaptured very well, with errors of around 5% for the non-equilibrium turbulence models (WALE and dynamicKeq) in the main regions. The inflow turbulence generator could create a stable and accurate boundary layer for the mean vertical velocity and vertical profile of the turbulent Reynolds stresses R<sub>11</sub>. The validation of the Lagrangian solver showed mixed results, with partly good agreements (simulation results within the measurement uncertainty), and partly high deviations of up to 80% for the concentration of particles. The higher deviations were attributed to an insufficient turbulence regime of the used validation case, which was an experimental chamber. For the simulation case of PM dispersion from manure application on a field, the solver could capture the influence of features such as size and density on the dispersion. The investigated solver is especially useful for further investigations into time-dependent processes in the near-source area of PM sources.David JankeSenthilathiban SwaminathanSabrina HempelRobert KasperThomas AmonMDPI AGarticlelarge-eddy simulationparticle-laden flowdispersed multiphase flowOpenFOAMmanure applicationAgricultureSENAgronomy, Vol 11, Iss 2246, p 2246 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	large-eddy simulation particle-laden flow dispersed multiphase flow OpenFOAM manure application Agriculture S
spellingShingle	large-eddy simulation particle-laden flow dispersed multiphase flow OpenFOAM manure application Agriculture S David Janke Senthilathiban Swaminathan Sabrina Hempel Robert Kasper Thomas Amon Particulate Matter Dispersion Modeling in Agricultural Applications: Investigation of a Transient Open Source Solver
description	Agriculture is a major emitter of particulate matter (PM), which causes health problems and can act as a carrier of the pathogen material that spreads diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate an open-source solver that simulates the transport and dispersion of PM for typical agricultural applications. We investigated a coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian solver within the open source software package OpenFOAM. The continuous phase was solved using transient large eddy simulations, where four different subgrid-scale turbulence models and an inflow turbulence generator were tested. The discrete phase was simulated using two different Lagrangian solvers. For the validation case of a turbulent flow of a street canyon, the flowfield could be recaptured very well, with errors of around 5% for the non-equilibrium turbulence models (WALE and dynamicKeq) in the main regions. The inflow turbulence generator could create a stable and accurate boundary layer for the mean vertical velocity and vertical profile of the turbulent Reynolds stresses R<sub>11</sub>. The validation of the Lagrangian solver showed mixed results, with partly good agreements (simulation results within the measurement uncertainty), and partly high deviations of up to 80% for the concentration of particles. The higher deviations were attributed to an insufficient turbulence regime of the used validation case, which was an experimental chamber. For the simulation case of PM dispersion from manure application on a field, the solver could capture the influence of features such as size and density on the dispersion. The investigated solver is especially useful for further investigations into time-dependent processes in the near-source area of PM sources.
format	article
author	David Janke Senthilathiban Swaminathan Sabrina Hempel Robert Kasper Thomas Amon
author_facet	David Janke Senthilathiban Swaminathan Sabrina Hempel Robert Kasper Thomas Amon
author_sort	David Janke
title	Particulate Matter Dispersion Modeling in Agricultural Applications: Investigation of a Transient Open Source Solver
title_short	Particulate Matter Dispersion Modeling in Agricultural Applications: Investigation of a Transient Open Source Solver
title_full	Particulate Matter Dispersion Modeling in Agricultural Applications: Investigation of a Transient Open Source Solver
title_fullStr	Particulate Matter Dispersion Modeling in Agricultural Applications: Investigation of a Transient Open Source Solver
title_full_unstemmed	Particulate Matter Dispersion Modeling in Agricultural Applications: Investigation of a Transient Open Source Solver
title_sort	particulate matter dispersion modeling in agricultural applications: investigation of a transient open source solver
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f9789345b5184ee5bb5dce2bd044f9f2
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Particulate Matter Dispersion Modeling in Agricultural Applications: Investigation of a Transient Open Source Solver

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