Evaluating the distribution of African swine fever virus within a feed mill environment following manufacture of inoculated feed.

It is critical to understand the role feed manufacturing may have regarding potential African swine fever virus (ASFV) transmission, especially given the evidence that feed and/or ingredients may be potential vectors. The objective of the study was to evaluate the distribution of ASFV in a feed mill...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	C Grace Elijah, Jessie D Trujillo, Cassandra K Jones, Natasha N Gaudreault, Charles R Stark, Konner R Cool, Chad B Paulk, Taeyong Kwon, Jason C Woodworth, Igor Morozov, Carmina Gallardo, Jordan T Gebhardt, Jürgen A Richt
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f9a518e74da847a2b6e1498862626b67
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:f9a518e74da847a2b6e1498862626b67
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f9a518e74da847a2b6e1498862626b672021-12-02T20:18:14ZEvaluating the distribution of African swine fever virus within a feed mill environment following manufacture of inoculated feed.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0256138https://doaj.org/article/f9a518e74da847a2b6e1498862626b672021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256138https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203It is critical to understand the role feed manufacturing may have regarding potential African swine fever virus (ASFV) transmission, especially given the evidence that feed and/or ingredients may be potential vectors. The objective of the study was to evaluate the distribution of ASFV in a feed mill following manufacture of contaminated feed. To accomplish this, a pilot-scale feed mill consisting of a mixer, bucket elevator, and spouting was constructed in a BSL-3Ag facility. First, a batch of ASFV-free feed was manufactured, followed by a batch of feed that had an ASFV-contaminated ingredient added to feed, which was then mixed and discharged from the equipment. Subsequently, four additional ASFV-free batches of feed were manufactured using the same equipment. Environmental swabs from 18 locations within the BSL-3Ag room were collected after each batch of feed was discharged. The locations of the swabs were categorized into four zones: 1) feed contact surface, 2) non-feed contact surface < 1 meter away from feed, 3) non-feed contact surface > 1 meter from feed, and 4) transient surfaces. Environmental swabs were analyzed using a qPCR specific for the ASFV p72 gene and reported as genomic copy number (CN)/mL of environmental swab processing buffer. Genomic copies were transformed with a log10 function for statistical analysis. There was no evidence of a zone × batch interaction for log10 genomic CN/mL (P = 0.625) or cycle threshold (Ct) value (P = 0.608). Sampling zone impacted the log10 p72 genomic CN/mL (P < 0.0001) and Ct values (P < 0.0001), with a greater amount of viral genome detected on transient surfaces compared to other surfaces (P < 0.05). This study illustrates that once ASFV enters the feed mill environment it becomes widespread and movement of people can significantly contribute to the spread of ASFV in a feed mill environment.C Grace ElijahJessie D TrujilloCassandra K JonesNatasha N GaudreaultCharles R StarkKonner R CoolChad B PaulkTaeyong KwonJason C WoodworthIgor MorozovCarmina GallardoJordan T GebhardtJürgen A RichtPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 8, p e0256138 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q C Grace Elijah Jessie D Trujillo Cassandra K Jones Natasha N Gaudreault Charles R Stark Konner R Cool Chad B Paulk Taeyong Kwon Jason C Woodworth Igor Morozov Carmina Gallardo Jordan T Gebhardt Jürgen A Richt Evaluating the distribution of African swine fever virus within a feed mill environment following manufacture of inoculated feed.
description	It is critical to understand the role feed manufacturing may have regarding potential African swine fever virus (ASFV) transmission, especially given the evidence that feed and/or ingredients may be potential vectors. The objective of the study was to evaluate the distribution of ASFV in a feed mill following manufacture of contaminated feed. To accomplish this, a pilot-scale feed mill consisting of a mixer, bucket elevator, and spouting was constructed in a BSL-3Ag facility. First, a batch of ASFV-free feed was manufactured, followed by a batch of feed that had an ASFV-contaminated ingredient added to feed, which was then mixed and discharged from the equipment. Subsequently, four additional ASFV-free batches of feed were manufactured using the same equipment. Environmental swabs from 18 locations within the BSL-3Ag room were collected after each batch of feed was discharged. The locations of the swabs were categorized into four zones: 1) feed contact surface, 2) non-feed contact surface < 1 meter away from feed, 3) non-feed contact surface > 1 meter from feed, and 4) transient surfaces. Environmental swabs were analyzed using a qPCR specific for the ASFV p72 gene and reported as genomic copy number (CN)/mL of environmental swab processing buffer. Genomic copies were transformed with a log10 function for statistical analysis. There was no evidence of a zone × batch interaction for log10 genomic CN/mL (P = 0.625) or cycle threshold (Ct) value (P = 0.608). Sampling zone impacted the log10 p72 genomic CN/mL (P < 0.0001) and Ct values (P < 0.0001), with a greater amount of viral genome detected on transient surfaces compared to other surfaces (P < 0.05). This study illustrates that once ASFV enters the feed mill environment it becomes widespread and movement of people can significantly contribute to the spread of ASFV in a feed mill environment.
format	article
author	C Grace Elijah Jessie D Trujillo Cassandra K Jones Natasha N Gaudreault Charles R Stark Konner R Cool Chad B Paulk Taeyong Kwon Jason C Woodworth Igor Morozov Carmina Gallardo Jordan T Gebhardt Jürgen A Richt
author_facet	C Grace Elijah Jessie D Trujillo Cassandra K Jones Natasha N Gaudreault Charles R Stark Konner R Cool Chad B Paulk Taeyong Kwon Jason C Woodworth Igor Morozov Carmina Gallardo Jordan T Gebhardt Jürgen A Richt
author_sort	C Grace Elijah
title	Evaluating the distribution of African swine fever virus within a feed mill environment following manufacture of inoculated feed.
title_short	Evaluating the distribution of African swine fever virus within a feed mill environment following manufacture of inoculated feed.
title_full	Evaluating the distribution of African swine fever virus within a feed mill environment following manufacture of inoculated feed.
title_fullStr	Evaluating the distribution of African swine fever virus within a feed mill environment following manufacture of inoculated feed.
title_full_unstemmed	Evaluating the distribution of African swine fever virus within a feed mill environment following manufacture of inoculated feed.
title_sort	evaluating the distribution of african swine fever virus within a feed mill environment following manufacture of inoculated feed.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f9a518e74da847a2b6e1498862626b67
work_keys_str_mv	AT cgraceelijah evaluatingthedistributionofafricanswinefeverviruswithinafeedmillenvironmentfollowingmanufactureofinoculatedfeed AT jessiedtrujillo evaluatingthedistributionofafricanswinefeverviruswithinafeedmillenvironmentfollowingmanufactureofinoculatedfeed AT cassandrakjones evaluatingthedistributionofafricanswinefeverviruswithinafeedmillenvironmentfollowingmanufactureofinoculatedfeed AT natashangaudreault evaluatingthedistributionofafricanswinefeverviruswithinafeedmillenvironmentfollowingmanufactureofinoculatedfeed AT charlesrstark evaluatingthedistributionofafricanswinefeverviruswithinafeedmillenvironmentfollowingmanufactureofinoculatedfeed AT konnerrcool evaluatingthedistributionofafricanswinefeverviruswithinafeedmillenvironmentfollowingmanufactureofinoculatedfeed AT chadbpaulk evaluatingthedistributionofafricanswinefeverviruswithinafeedmillenvironmentfollowingmanufactureofinoculatedfeed AT taeyongkwon evaluatingthedistributionofafricanswinefeverviruswithinafeedmillenvironmentfollowingmanufactureofinoculatedfeed AT jasoncwoodworth evaluatingthedistributionofafricanswinefeverviruswithinafeedmillenvironmentfollowingmanufactureofinoculatedfeed AT igormorozov evaluatingthedistributionofafricanswinefeverviruswithinafeedmillenvironmentfollowingmanufactureofinoculatedfeed AT carminagallardo evaluatingthedistributionofafricanswinefeverviruswithinafeedmillenvironmentfollowingmanufactureofinoculatedfeed AT jordantgebhardt evaluatingthedistributionofafricanswinefeverviruswithinafeedmillenvironmentfollowingmanufactureofinoculatedfeed AT jurgenaricht evaluatingthedistributionofafricanswinefeverviruswithinafeedmillenvironmentfollowingmanufactureofinoculatedfeed
_version_	1718374324081000448

Evaluating the distribution of African swine fever virus within a feed mill environment following manufacture of inoculated feed.

Ejemplares similares