The tendency to stop collecting information is linked to illusions of causality

Abstract Previous research proposed that cognitive biases contribute to produce and maintain the symptoms exhibited by deluded patients. Specifically, the tendency to jump to conclusions (i.e., to stop collecting evidence soon before making a decision) has been claimed to contribute to delusion form...

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Autores principales:	María Manuela Moreno-Fernández, Fernando Blanco, Helena Matute
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f9b395cf248e4d0e874e5b4539b0d8c0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f9b395cf248e4d0e874e5b4539b0d8c02021-12-02T14:21:53ZThe tendency to stop collecting information is linked to illusions of causality10.1038/s41598-021-82075-w2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/f9b395cf248e4d0e874e5b4539b0d8c02021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82075-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Previous research proposed that cognitive biases contribute to produce and maintain the symptoms exhibited by deluded patients. Specifically, the tendency to jump to conclusions (i.e., to stop collecting evidence soon before making a decision) has been claimed to contribute to delusion formation. Additionally, deluded patients show an abnormal understanding of cause-effect relationships, often leading to causal illusions (i.e., the belief that two events are causally connected, when they are not). Both types of bias appear in psychotic disorders, but also in healthy individuals. In two studies, we test the hypothesis that the two biases (jumping to conclusions and causal illusions) appear in the general population and correlate with each other. The rationale is based on current theories of associative learning that explain causal illusions as the result of a learning bias that tends to wear off as additional information is incorporated. We propose that participants with higher tendency to jump to conclusions will stop collecting information sooner in a causal learning study than those participants with lower tendency to jump to conclusions, which means that the former will not reach the learning asymptote, leading to biased judgments. The studies provide evidence in favour that the two biases are correlated but suggest that the proposed mechanism is not responsible for this association.María Manuela Moreno-FernándezFernando BlancoHelena MatuteNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q María Manuela Moreno-Fernández Fernando Blanco Helena Matute The tendency to stop collecting information is linked to illusions of causality
description	Abstract Previous research proposed that cognitive biases contribute to produce and maintain the symptoms exhibited by deluded patients. Specifically, the tendency to jump to conclusions (i.e., to stop collecting evidence soon before making a decision) has been claimed to contribute to delusion formation. Additionally, deluded patients show an abnormal understanding of cause-effect relationships, often leading to causal illusions (i.e., the belief that two events are causally connected, when they are not). Both types of bias appear in psychotic disorders, but also in healthy individuals. In two studies, we test the hypothesis that the two biases (jumping to conclusions and causal illusions) appear in the general population and correlate with each other. The rationale is based on current theories of associative learning that explain causal illusions as the result of a learning bias that tends to wear off as additional information is incorporated. We propose that participants with higher tendency to jump to conclusions will stop collecting information sooner in a causal learning study than those participants with lower tendency to jump to conclusions, which means that the former will not reach the learning asymptote, leading to biased judgments. The studies provide evidence in favour that the two biases are correlated but suggest that the proposed mechanism is not responsible for this association.
format	article
author	María Manuela Moreno-Fernández Fernando Blanco Helena Matute
author_facet	María Manuela Moreno-Fernández Fernando Blanco Helena Matute
author_sort	María Manuela Moreno-Fernández
title	The tendency to stop collecting information is linked to illusions of causality
title_short	The tendency to stop collecting information is linked to illusions of causality
title_full	The tendency to stop collecting information is linked to illusions of causality
title_fullStr	The tendency to stop collecting information is linked to illusions of causality
title_full_unstemmed	The tendency to stop collecting information is linked to illusions of causality
title_sort	tendency to stop collecting information is linked to illusions of causality
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f9b395cf248e4d0e874e5b4539b0d8c0
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The tendency to stop collecting information is linked to illusions of causality

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