Der Wirkungsgrad von Training

The efficiency of energy conversion is defined astheratio between muscular power and metabolic energy expenditure. Following definitions are used: gross(muscular power/total energy expenditure), net (muscular power/(total energy expenditureresting energy expenditure)), work (muscular power/(total en...

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Autores principales:	Böning D, Maassen N, Steinach M
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	DE EN
Publicado:	Dynamic Media Sales Verlag 2017
Materias:	Sports medicine RC1200-1245
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/fa23a59f5035459daf378eef9244b418
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:fa23a59f5035459daf378eef9244b4182021-11-16T19:01:41ZDer Wirkungsgrad von Training0344-59252510-526410.5960/dzsm.2017.295https://doaj.org/article/fa23a59f5035459daf378eef9244b4182017-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.germanjournalsportsmedicine.com/archive/archive-2017/issue-9/the-efficiency-of-muscular-exercise/https://doaj.org/toc/0344-5925https://doaj.org/toc/2510-5264The efficiency of energy conversion is defined astheratio between muscular power and metabolic energy expenditure. Following definitions are used: gross(muscular power/total energy expenditure), net (muscular power/(total energy expenditureresting energy expenditure)), work (muscular power/(total energy expenditureidling energy expenditure)), delta (muscular power/energy expenditure). net of isolated muscles amounts to 30%. Because of supporting functions, lower values result in vivo during positive exercise. During negative exercise the body often storesenergy (elastic, potential, kinetic) which markedly improves if reused. Measurements are performed using ergometers (cycle ergometers, treadmill etc.) and indirect calorimetry (VO2 and VCO2). Determination of both gases is essential, because varying proportions of fat and carbohydrate oxidation influence energy turnover. For intense exercise,the anaerobic energy yield is calculated from oxygen deficit or blood lactate. Measurements have to be standardized, because movement frequency and power influence . For comparisons net, which little depends on power is preferable. During sports, values vary between 1% (arching) and 50%(running). Measurement of energy expenditure per m distance and kg of body mass is also applicable for efficiency estimation. The efficiency of complex movements can be improved by practicing,sinceoptimized coordination reduces energy need. Aging and fatigue are therefore also influential. The mitochondrial function is probably not trainable. Clear sex differences have not been observed. An improvement of efficiency in hypoxia is improbable; a relative increase of carbohydrate metabolism reduces the need for oxygen. An increase of efficiency by nitrate consumption is under discussion.KEY WORDS: Energy Expenditure, Ergometry, Respiratory Quotient, Physical Training, Altitude, Nitrogen MonoxideBöning DMaassen NSteinach MDynamic Media Sales VerlagarticleSports medicineRC1200-1245DEENDeutsche Zeitschrift für Sportmedizin, Vol 68, Iss 9 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	DE EN
topic	Sports medicine RC1200-1245
spellingShingle	Sports medicine RC1200-1245 Böning D Maassen N Steinach M Der Wirkungsgrad von Training
description	The efficiency of energy conversion is defined astheratio between muscular power and metabolic energy expenditure. Following definitions are used: gross(muscular power/total energy expenditure), net (muscular power/(total energy expenditureresting energy expenditure)), work (muscular power/(total energy expenditureidling energy expenditure)), delta (muscular power/energy expenditure). net of isolated muscles amounts to 30%. Because of supporting functions, lower values result in vivo during positive exercise. During negative exercise the body often storesenergy (elastic, potential, kinetic) which markedly improves if reused. Measurements are performed using ergometers (cycle ergometers, treadmill etc.) and indirect calorimetry (VO2 and VCO2). Determination of both gases is essential, because varying proportions of fat and carbohydrate oxidation influence energy turnover. For intense exercise,the anaerobic energy yield is calculated from oxygen deficit or blood lactate. Measurements have to be standardized, because movement frequency and power influence . For comparisons net, which little depends on power is preferable. During sports, values vary between 1% (arching) and 50%(running). Measurement of energy expenditure per m distance and kg of body mass is also applicable for efficiency estimation. The efficiency of complex movements can be improved by practicing,sinceoptimized coordination reduces energy need. Aging and fatigue are therefore also influential. The mitochondrial function is probably not trainable. Clear sex differences have not been observed. An improvement of efficiency in hypoxia is improbable; a relative increase of carbohydrate metabolism reduces the need for oxygen. An increase of efficiency by nitrate consumption is under discussion.KEY WORDS: Energy Expenditure, Ergometry, Respiratory Quotient, Physical Training, Altitude, Nitrogen Monoxide
format	article
author	Böning D Maassen N Steinach M
author_facet	Böning D Maassen N Steinach M
author_sort	Böning D
title	Der Wirkungsgrad von Training
title_short	Der Wirkungsgrad von Training
title_full	Der Wirkungsgrad von Training
title_fullStr	Der Wirkungsgrad von Training
title_full_unstemmed	Der Wirkungsgrad von Training
title_sort	der wirkungsgrad von training
publisher	Dynamic Media Sales Verlag
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/fa23a59f5035459daf378eef9244b418
work_keys_str_mv	AT boningd derwirkungsgradvontraining AT maassenn derwirkungsgradvontraining AT steinachm derwirkungsgradvontraining
_version_	1718426215473217536

Der Wirkungsgrad von Training

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