In vivo and in vitro random mutagenesis techniques in plants

Abstract Mutations are changes in the genetic material that may be transmitted to subsequent generations. Mutations appear spontaneously in nature and are one of the underlying driving forces of evolution. In plants, in vivo and in vitro random mutagenesis relies on the application of physical and c...

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Autores principales:	EFSA Panel on Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO), Ewen Mullins, Jean‐Louis Bresson, Tamas Dalmay, Ian Crawford Dewhurst, Michelle M Epstein, Leslie George Firbank, Philippe Guerche, Jan Hejatko, Francisco Javier Moreno, Hanspeter Naegeli, Fabien Nogué, Jose Juan Sánchez Serrano, Giovanni Savoini, Eve Veromann, Fabio Veronesi, Josep Casacuberta, Paolo Lenzi, Irene Munoz Guajardo, Tommaso Raffaello, Nils Rostoks
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Wiley 2021
Materias:	random mutagenesis in vivo in vitro chemical mutagenesis physical mutagenesis mutagen Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Chemical technology TP1-1185
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/fa5b881ab2674829b0c21f4e1ef475a9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:fa5b881ab2674829b0c21f4e1ef475a92021-12-02T17:55:57ZIn vivo and in vitro random mutagenesis techniques in plants1831-473210.2903/j.efsa.2021.6611https://doaj.org/article/fa5b881ab2674829b0c21f4e1ef475a92021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6611https://doaj.org/toc/1831-4732Abstract Mutations are changes in the genetic material that may be transmitted to subsequent generations. Mutations appear spontaneously in nature and are one of the underlying driving forces of evolution. In plants, in vivo and in vitro random mutagenesis relies on the application of physical and chemical mutagens to increase the frequency of mutations thus accelerating the selection of varieties with important agronomic traits. The European Commission has requested EFSA to provide a more detailed description of in vivo and in vitro random mutagenesis techniques and the types of mutations and mechanisms involved, to be able to conclude on whether in vivo and in vitro random mutagenesis techniques are to be considered different techniques. To address the European Commission request, a literature search was conducted to collect information on the random mutagenesis techniques used in plants both in vivo and in vitro, on the type of mutations generated by such techniques and on the molecular mechanisms underlying formation of those mutations. The GMO Panel concludes that most physical and chemical mutagenesis techniques have been applied both in vivo and in vitro; the mutation process and the repair mechanisms act at cellular level and thus there is no difference between application of the mutagen in vivo or in vitro; and the type of mutations induced by a specific mutagen are expected to be the same, regardless of whether such mutagen is applied in vivo or in vitro. Indeed, the same mutation and the derived trait in a given plant species can be potentially obtained using both in vivo and in vitro random mutagenesis and the resulting mutants would be indistinguishable. Therefore, the GMO Panel concludes that the distinction between plants obtained by in vitro or in vivo approaches is not justified.EFSA Panel on Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO)Ewen MullinsJean‐Louis BressonTamas DalmayIan Crawford DewhurstMichelle M EpsteinLeslie George FirbankPhilippe GuercheJan HejatkoFrancisco Javier MorenoHanspeter NaegeliFabien NoguéJose Juan Sánchez SerranoGiovanni SavoiniEve VeromannFabio VeronesiJosep CasacubertaPaolo LenziIrene Munoz GuajardoTommaso RaffaelloNils RostoksWileyarticlerandom mutagenesisin vivoin vitrochemical mutagenesisphysical mutagenesismutagenNutrition. Foods and food supplyTX341-641Chemical technologyTP1-1185ENEFSA Journal, Vol 19, Iss 11, Pp n/a-n/a (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	random mutagenesis in vivo in vitro chemical mutagenesis physical mutagenesis mutagen Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Chemical technology TP1-1185
spellingShingle	random mutagenesis in vivo in vitro chemical mutagenesis physical mutagenesis mutagen Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Chemical technology TP1-1185 EFSA Panel on Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO) Ewen Mullins Jean‐Louis Bresson Tamas Dalmay Ian Crawford Dewhurst Michelle M Epstein Leslie George Firbank Philippe Guerche Jan Hejatko Francisco Javier Moreno Hanspeter Naegeli Fabien Nogué Jose Juan Sánchez Serrano Giovanni Savoini Eve Veromann Fabio Veronesi Josep Casacuberta Paolo Lenzi Irene Munoz Guajardo Tommaso Raffaello Nils Rostoks In vivo and in vitro random mutagenesis techniques in plants
description	Abstract Mutations are changes in the genetic material that may be transmitted to subsequent generations. Mutations appear spontaneously in nature and are one of the underlying driving forces of evolution. In plants, in vivo and in vitro random mutagenesis relies on the application of physical and chemical mutagens to increase the frequency of mutations thus accelerating the selection of varieties with important agronomic traits. The European Commission has requested EFSA to provide a more detailed description of in vivo and in vitro random mutagenesis techniques and the types of mutations and mechanisms involved, to be able to conclude on whether in vivo and in vitro random mutagenesis techniques are to be considered different techniques. To address the European Commission request, a literature search was conducted to collect information on the random mutagenesis techniques used in plants both in vivo and in vitro, on the type of mutations generated by such techniques and on the molecular mechanisms underlying formation of those mutations. The GMO Panel concludes that most physical and chemical mutagenesis techniques have been applied both in vivo and in vitro; the mutation process and the repair mechanisms act at cellular level and thus there is no difference between application of the mutagen in vivo or in vitro; and the type of mutations induced by a specific mutagen are expected to be the same, regardless of whether such mutagen is applied in vivo or in vitro. Indeed, the same mutation and the derived trait in a given plant species can be potentially obtained using both in vivo and in vitro random mutagenesis and the resulting mutants would be indistinguishable. Therefore, the GMO Panel concludes that the distinction between plants obtained by in vitro or in vivo approaches is not justified.
format	article
author	EFSA Panel on Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO) Ewen Mullins Jean‐Louis Bresson Tamas Dalmay Ian Crawford Dewhurst Michelle M Epstein Leslie George Firbank Philippe Guerche Jan Hejatko Francisco Javier Moreno Hanspeter Naegeli Fabien Nogué Jose Juan Sánchez Serrano Giovanni Savoini Eve Veromann Fabio Veronesi Josep Casacuberta Paolo Lenzi Irene Munoz Guajardo Tommaso Raffaello Nils Rostoks
author_facet	EFSA Panel on Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO) Ewen Mullins Jean‐Louis Bresson Tamas Dalmay Ian Crawford Dewhurst Michelle M Epstein Leslie George Firbank Philippe Guerche Jan Hejatko Francisco Javier Moreno Hanspeter Naegeli Fabien Nogué Jose Juan Sánchez Serrano Giovanni Savoini Eve Veromann Fabio Veronesi Josep Casacuberta Paolo Lenzi Irene Munoz Guajardo Tommaso Raffaello Nils Rostoks
author_sort	EFSA Panel on Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO)
title	In vivo and in vitro random mutagenesis techniques in plants
title_short	In vivo and in vitro random mutagenesis techniques in plants
title_full	In vivo and in vitro random mutagenesis techniques in plants
title_fullStr	In vivo and in vitro random mutagenesis techniques in plants
title_full_unstemmed	In vivo and in vitro random mutagenesis techniques in plants
title_sort	in vivo and in vitro random mutagenesis techniques in plants
publisher	Wiley
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/fa5b881ab2674829b0c21f4e1ef475a9
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In vivo and in vitro random mutagenesis techniques in plants

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