Geospatial Assessment of Soil Organic Matter Variability at Sidi Bennour District in Doukkala Plain in Morocco

Understanding the spatial variability of soil organic matter (SOM) is critical for studying and assessing soil fertility and quality. This knowledge is important for soil management, which results in high crop yields at a reduced cost of crop production and helps to protect the environment. The bene...

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Autores principales:	Abdelkrim Bouasria, Khalid Ibno Namr, Abdelmejid Rahimi, El Mostafa Ettachfini
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Polish Society of Ecological Engineering (PTIE) 2021
Materias:	soil organic matter doukkala plain spatial interpolation geostatistics soil quality irrigated perimeter morocco Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/fa99ff4e66b640869f8316956c3467c4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:fa99ff4e66b640869f8316956c3467c42021-11-04T08:03:23ZGeospatial Assessment of Soil Organic Matter Variability at Sidi Bennour District in Doukkala Plain in Morocco2299-899310.12911/22998993/142935https://doaj.org/article/fa99ff4e66b640869f8316956c3467c42021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.jeeng.net/Geospatial-Assessment-of-Soil-Organic-Matter-Variability-at-Sidi-Bennour-District,142935,0,2.htmlhttps://doaj.org/toc/2299-8993Understanding the spatial variability of soil organic matter (SOM) is critical for studying and assessing soil fertility and quality. This knowledge is important for soil management, which results in high crop yields at a reduced cost of crop production and helps to protect the environment. The benefits of an accurate interpolation of SOM spatial distribution are well known at the agricultural, economic, and ecological levels. It has been conducted this study for comparing and analyze different spatial interpolation methods to evaluate the spatial distribution of SOM in Sidi Bennour District, which is a semi-arid area in the irrigated scheme of the Doukkala Plain, Morocco. For conding this study, it was collected 368 representative soil samples at a depth of 0-30 cm. A portable global positioning system was used to obtain the location coordinates of soil sampling sites. The SOM spatial distribution was performed using four interpolation methods: inverse distance weighted and local polynomial interpolation as deterministic methods, and ordinary kriging and empirical Bayesian kriging as geostatistical methods. High SOM levels were concentrated in vertisols, and low SOM levels were observed in immature soils. The average SOM value was 1.346%, with moderate to high variability (CV = 35.720%). A low SOM concentration indicates a continuous possibility of soil degradation in the future. Ordinary kriging yielded better results than the other interpolation methods (RMSE = 0.395) with a semivariogram fitted by an exponential model, followed by inverse distance weighted (RMSE = 0.397), empirical Bayesian kriging (RMSE = 0.400), and local polynomial interpolation (RMSE = 0.412). Soil genetics and the strong influence of human activity are the major sources of SOM spatial dependence, which is moderate to low. Low SOM content levels (< 1.15%) were present in the southwestern and eastern parts of the digital map. This situation calls for the implementation of specific soil recovery measures.Abdelkrim BouasriaKhalid Ibno NamrAbdelmejid RahimiEl Mostafa EttachfiniPolish Society of Ecological Engineering (PTIE)articlesoil organic matterdoukkala plainspatial interpolationgeostatisticssoil qualityirrigated perimetermoroccoEnvironmental technology. Sanitary engineeringTD1-1066Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENJournal of Ecological Engineering, Vol 22, Iss 11, Pp 120-130 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	soil organic matter doukkala plain spatial interpolation geostatistics soil quality irrigated perimeter morocco Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	soil organic matter doukkala plain spatial interpolation geostatistics soil quality irrigated perimeter morocco Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Abdelkrim Bouasria Khalid Ibno Namr Abdelmejid Rahimi El Mostafa Ettachfini Geospatial Assessment of Soil Organic Matter Variability at Sidi Bennour District in Doukkala Plain in Morocco
description	Understanding the spatial variability of soil organic matter (SOM) is critical for studying and assessing soil fertility and quality. This knowledge is important for soil management, which results in high crop yields at a reduced cost of crop production and helps to protect the environment. The benefits of an accurate interpolation of SOM spatial distribution are well known at the agricultural, economic, and ecological levels. It has been conducted this study for comparing and analyze different spatial interpolation methods to evaluate the spatial distribution of SOM in Sidi Bennour District, which is a semi-arid area in the irrigated scheme of the Doukkala Plain, Morocco. For conding this study, it was collected 368 representative soil samples at a depth of 0-30 cm. A portable global positioning system was used to obtain the location coordinates of soil sampling sites. The SOM spatial distribution was performed using four interpolation methods: inverse distance weighted and local polynomial interpolation as deterministic methods, and ordinary kriging and empirical Bayesian kriging as geostatistical methods. High SOM levels were concentrated in vertisols, and low SOM levels were observed in immature soils. The average SOM value was 1.346%, with moderate to high variability (CV = 35.720%). A low SOM concentration indicates a continuous possibility of soil degradation in the future. Ordinary kriging yielded better results than the other interpolation methods (RMSE = 0.395) with a semivariogram fitted by an exponential model, followed by inverse distance weighted (RMSE = 0.397), empirical Bayesian kriging (RMSE = 0.400), and local polynomial interpolation (RMSE = 0.412). Soil genetics and the strong influence of human activity are the major sources of SOM spatial dependence, which is moderate to low. Low SOM content levels (< 1.15%) were present in the southwestern and eastern parts of the digital map. This situation calls for the implementation of specific soil recovery measures.
format	article
author	Abdelkrim Bouasria Khalid Ibno Namr Abdelmejid Rahimi El Mostafa Ettachfini
author_facet	Abdelkrim Bouasria Khalid Ibno Namr Abdelmejid Rahimi El Mostafa Ettachfini
author_sort	Abdelkrim Bouasria
title	Geospatial Assessment of Soil Organic Matter Variability at Sidi Bennour District in Doukkala Plain in Morocco
title_short	Geospatial Assessment of Soil Organic Matter Variability at Sidi Bennour District in Doukkala Plain in Morocco
title_full	Geospatial Assessment of Soil Organic Matter Variability at Sidi Bennour District in Doukkala Plain in Morocco
title_fullStr	Geospatial Assessment of Soil Organic Matter Variability at Sidi Bennour District in Doukkala Plain in Morocco
title_full_unstemmed	Geospatial Assessment of Soil Organic Matter Variability at Sidi Bennour District in Doukkala Plain in Morocco
title_sort	geospatial assessment of soil organic matter variability at sidi bennour district in doukkala plain in morocco
publisher	Polish Society of Ecological Engineering (PTIE)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/fa99ff4e66b640869f8316956c3467c4
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Geospatial Assessment of Soil Organic Matter Variability at Sidi Bennour District in Doukkala Plain in Morocco

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