One is enough: in vivo effective population size is dose-dependent for a plant RNA virus.

Effective population size (N(e)) determines the strength of genetic drift and the frequency of co-infection by multiple genotypes, making it a key factor in viral evolution. Experimental estimates of N(e) for different plant viruses have, however, rendered diverging results. The independent action h...

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Autores principales:	Mark P Zwart, José-Antonio Daròs, Santiago F Elena
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/faee85d7e86648258bfb2efaf39d24ba
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:faee85d7e86648258bfb2efaf39d24ba2021-11-18T06:03:14ZOne is enough: in vivo effective population size is dose-dependent for a plant RNA virus.1553-73661553-737410.1371/journal.ppat.1002122https://doaj.org/article/faee85d7e86648258bfb2efaf39d24ba2011-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21750676/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-7366https://doaj.org/toc/1553-7374Effective population size (N(e)) determines the strength of genetic drift and the frequency of co-infection by multiple genotypes, making it a key factor in viral evolution. Experimental estimates of N(e) for different plant viruses have, however, rendered diverging results. The independent action hypothesis (IAH) states that each virion has a probability of infection, and that virions act independent of one another during the infection process. A corollary of IAH is that N(e) must be dose dependent. A test of IAH for a plant virus has not been reported yet. Here we perform a test of an IAH infection model using a plant RNA virus, Tobacco etch virus (TEV) variants carrying GFP or mCherry fluorescent markers, in Nicotiana tabacum and Capsicum annuum plants. The number of primary infection foci increased linearly with dose, and was similar to a Poisson distribution. At high doses, primary infection foci containing both genotypes were found at a low frequency (<2%). The probability that a genotype that infected the inoculated leaf would systemically infect that plant was near 1, although in a few rare cases genotypes could be trapped in the inoculated leaf by being physically surrounded by the other genotype. The frequency of mixed-genotype infection could be predicted from the mean number of primary infection foci using the independent-action model. Independent action appears to hold for TEV, and N(e) is therefore dose-dependent for this plant RNA virus. The mean number of virions causing systemic infection can be very small, and approaches 1 at low doses. Dose-dependency in TEV suggests that comparison of N(e) estimates for different viruses are not very meaningful unless dose effects are taken into consideration.Mark P ZwartJosé-Antonio DaròsSantiago F ElenaPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607Biology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Pathogens, Vol 7, Iss 7, p e1002122 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Mark P Zwart José-Antonio Daròs Santiago F Elena One is enough: in vivo effective population size is dose-dependent for a plant RNA virus.
description	Effective population size (N(e)) determines the strength of genetic drift and the frequency of co-infection by multiple genotypes, making it a key factor in viral evolution. Experimental estimates of N(e) for different plant viruses have, however, rendered diverging results. The independent action hypothesis (IAH) states that each virion has a probability of infection, and that virions act independent of one another during the infection process. A corollary of IAH is that N(e) must be dose dependent. A test of IAH for a plant virus has not been reported yet. Here we perform a test of an IAH infection model using a plant RNA virus, Tobacco etch virus (TEV) variants carrying GFP or mCherry fluorescent markers, in Nicotiana tabacum and Capsicum annuum plants. The number of primary infection foci increased linearly with dose, and was similar to a Poisson distribution. At high doses, primary infection foci containing both genotypes were found at a low frequency (<2%). The probability that a genotype that infected the inoculated leaf would systemically infect that plant was near 1, although in a few rare cases genotypes could be trapped in the inoculated leaf by being physically surrounded by the other genotype. The frequency of mixed-genotype infection could be predicted from the mean number of primary infection foci using the independent-action model. Independent action appears to hold for TEV, and N(e) is therefore dose-dependent for this plant RNA virus. The mean number of virions causing systemic infection can be very small, and approaches 1 at low doses. Dose-dependency in TEV suggests that comparison of N(e) estimates for different viruses are not very meaningful unless dose effects are taken into consideration.
format	article
author	Mark P Zwart José-Antonio Daròs Santiago F Elena
author_facet	Mark P Zwart José-Antonio Daròs Santiago F Elena
author_sort	Mark P Zwart
title	One is enough: in vivo effective population size is dose-dependent for a plant RNA virus.
title_short	One is enough: in vivo effective population size is dose-dependent for a plant RNA virus.
title_full	One is enough: in vivo effective population size is dose-dependent for a plant RNA virus.
title_fullStr	One is enough: in vivo effective population size is dose-dependent for a plant RNA virus.
title_full_unstemmed	One is enough: in vivo effective population size is dose-dependent for a plant RNA virus.
title_sort	one is enough: in vivo effective population size is dose-dependent for a plant rna virus.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/faee85d7e86648258bfb2efaf39d24ba
work_keys_str_mv	AT markpzwart oneisenoughinvivoeffectivepopulationsizeisdosedependentforaplantrnavirus AT joseantoniodaros oneisenoughinvivoeffectivepopulationsizeisdosedependentforaplantrnavirus AT santiagofelena oneisenoughinvivoeffectivepopulationsizeisdosedependentforaplantrnavirus
_version_	1718424705110638592

One is enough: in vivo effective population size is dose-dependent for a plant RNA virus.

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