Retinaldehyde Dehydrogenase Inhibition-Related Adverse Outcome Pathway: Potential Risk of Retinoic Acid Synthesis Inhibition during Embryogenesis

Retinoic acid (RA) is one of the factors crucial for cell growth, differentiation, and embryogenesis; it interacts with the retinoic acid receptor and retinoic acid X receptor to eventually regulate target gene expression in chordates. RA is transformed from retinaldehyde via oxidization by retinald...

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Autores principales:	Kichul Cho, Sang-Moo Lee, Jina Heo, Yong Min Kwon, Dawoon Chung, Woon-Jong Yu, Seung Seob Bae, Grace Choi, Dae-Sung Lee, Youngjun Kim
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	adverse outcome pathway retinaldehyde dehydrogenase retinoic acid embryogenesis toxicity Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/fb1ab93652a04703b866a2e1d40a8c86
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:fb1ab93652a04703b866a2e1d40a8c862021-11-25T19:08:27ZRetinaldehyde Dehydrogenase Inhibition-Related Adverse Outcome Pathway: Potential Risk of Retinoic Acid Synthesis Inhibition during Embryogenesis10.3390/toxins131107392072-6651https://doaj.org/article/fb1ab93652a04703b866a2e1d40a8c862021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/13/11/739https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6651Retinoic acid (RA) is one of the factors crucial for cell growth, differentiation, and embryogenesis; it interacts with the retinoic acid receptor and retinoic acid X receptor to eventually regulate target gene expression in chordates. RA is transformed from retinaldehyde via oxidization by retinaldehyde dehydrogenase (RALDH), which belongs to the family of oxidoreductases. Several chemicals, including disulphiram, diethylaminobenzaldehyde, and SB-210661, can effectively inhibit RALDH activity, potentially causing reproductive and developmental toxicity. The modes of action can be sequentially explained based on the molecular initiating event toward key events, and finally the adverse outcomes. Adverse outcome pathway (AOP) is a conceptual and theoretical framework that describes the sequential chain of casually liked events at different biological levels from molecular events to adverse effects. In the present review, we discussed a recently registered AOP (AOP<sub>297</sub>; inhibition of retinaldehyde dehydrogenase leads to population decline) to explain and support the weight of evidence for RALDH inhibition-related developmental toxicity using the existing knowledge.Kichul ChoSang-Moo LeeJina HeoYong Min KwonDawoon ChungWoon-Jong YuSeung Seob BaeGrace ChoiDae-Sung LeeYoungjun KimMDPI AGarticleadverse outcome pathwayretinaldehyde dehydrogenaseretinoic acidembryogenesistoxicityMedicineRENToxins, Vol 13, Iss 739, p 739 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	adverse outcome pathway retinaldehyde dehydrogenase retinoic acid embryogenesis toxicity Medicine R
spellingShingle	adverse outcome pathway retinaldehyde dehydrogenase retinoic acid embryogenesis toxicity Medicine R Kichul Cho Sang-Moo Lee Jina Heo Yong Min Kwon Dawoon Chung Woon-Jong Yu Seung Seob Bae Grace Choi Dae-Sung Lee Youngjun Kim Retinaldehyde Dehydrogenase Inhibition-Related Adverse Outcome Pathway: Potential Risk of Retinoic Acid Synthesis Inhibition during Embryogenesis
description	Retinoic acid (RA) is one of the factors crucial for cell growth, differentiation, and embryogenesis; it interacts with the retinoic acid receptor and retinoic acid X receptor to eventually regulate target gene expression in chordates. RA is transformed from retinaldehyde via oxidization by retinaldehyde dehydrogenase (RALDH), which belongs to the family of oxidoreductases. Several chemicals, including disulphiram, diethylaminobenzaldehyde, and SB-210661, can effectively inhibit RALDH activity, potentially causing reproductive and developmental toxicity. The modes of action can be sequentially explained based on the molecular initiating event toward key events, and finally the adverse outcomes. Adverse outcome pathway (AOP) is a conceptual and theoretical framework that describes the sequential chain of casually liked events at different biological levels from molecular events to adverse effects. In the present review, we discussed a recently registered AOP (AOP<sub>297</sub>; inhibition of retinaldehyde dehydrogenase leads to population decline) to explain and support the weight of evidence for RALDH inhibition-related developmental toxicity using the existing knowledge.
format	article
author	Kichul Cho Sang-Moo Lee Jina Heo Yong Min Kwon Dawoon Chung Woon-Jong Yu Seung Seob Bae Grace Choi Dae-Sung Lee Youngjun Kim
author_facet	Kichul Cho Sang-Moo Lee Jina Heo Yong Min Kwon Dawoon Chung Woon-Jong Yu Seung Seob Bae Grace Choi Dae-Sung Lee Youngjun Kim
author_sort	Kichul Cho
title	Retinaldehyde Dehydrogenase Inhibition-Related Adverse Outcome Pathway: Potential Risk of Retinoic Acid Synthesis Inhibition during Embryogenesis
title_short	Retinaldehyde Dehydrogenase Inhibition-Related Adverse Outcome Pathway: Potential Risk of Retinoic Acid Synthesis Inhibition during Embryogenesis
title_full	Retinaldehyde Dehydrogenase Inhibition-Related Adverse Outcome Pathway: Potential Risk of Retinoic Acid Synthesis Inhibition during Embryogenesis
title_fullStr	Retinaldehyde Dehydrogenase Inhibition-Related Adverse Outcome Pathway: Potential Risk of Retinoic Acid Synthesis Inhibition during Embryogenesis
title_full_unstemmed	Retinaldehyde Dehydrogenase Inhibition-Related Adverse Outcome Pathway: Potential Risk of Retinoic Acid Synthesis Inhibition during Embryogenesis
title_sort	retinaldehyde dehydrogenase inhibition-related adverse outcome pathway: potential risk of retinoic acid synthesis inhibition during embryogenesis
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/fb1ab93652a04703b866a2e1d40a8c86
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Retinaldehyde Dehydrogenase Inhibition-Related Adverse Outcome Pathway: Potential Risk of Retinoic Acid Synthesis Inhibition during Embryogenesis

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