Optimization of the Microwave-Assisted Carbothermical Reduction Process for Metals from Electric Arc Furnace Dust with Biochar

The main purpose of this work was to extract valuable metals from EAF dust with the addition of biochar, using microwaves to control and optimize the carbothermical reduction process. To achieve better microwave penetration and the most homogeneous electromagnetic heat source distribution possible i...

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Autores principales:	Anton Anzulevich, Leonid Butko, Dmitrii Kalganov, Dmitrii Pavlov, Valentin Tolkachev, Alexander Fedii, Vasiliy Buchelnikov, Zhiwei Peng
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	EAF dust biochar effective permittivity microwave heating carbothermical reduction effective medium theory Mining engineering. Metallurgy TN1-997
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/fb238b9eaca441429447a9f68b39ee6a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:fb238b9eaca441429447a9f68b39ee6a2021-11-25T18:21:46ZOptimization of the Microwave-Assisted Carbothermical Reduction Process for Metals from Electric Arc Furnace Dust with Biochar10.3390/met111117652075-4701https://doaj.org/article/fb238b9eaca441429447a9f68b39ee6a2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/11/11/1765https://doaj.org/toc/2075-4701The main purpose of this work was to extract valuable metals from EAF dust with the addition of biochar, using microwaves to control and optimize the carbothermical reduction process. To achieve better microwave penetration and the most homogeneous electromagnetic heat source distribution possible in a sample, the content of EAF dust and biochar in centimeter-size spherical particles prepared by the pelletization process was considered to be radially heterogeneous. The content of EAF dust was determined experimentally and the effective permittivity, permeability, and thermal conductivity of the EAF dust as well as biochar–EAF powder mixture were determined using effective medium approximation. The microwave heating of a multilayered pellet of biochar-containing EAF dust was simulated and investigated. The influence of the distribution of the components within the pellet on the effectiveness of the microwave heating was investigated, as was the influence of the biochar conductivity. The interaction of the pellet with both plane waves in free space and with H10 mode waves in a single-mode waveguide was considered. The most optimal distribution of EAF dust and biochar within the pellet for the reduction process was determined.Anton AnzulevichLeonid ButkoDmitrii KalganovDmitrii PavlovValentin TolkachevAlexander FediiVasiliy BuchelnikovZhiwei PengMDPI AGarticleEAF dustbiochareffective permittivitymicrowave heatingcarbothermical reductioneffective medium theoryMining engineering. MetallurgyTN1-997ENMetals, Vol 11, Iss 1765, p 1765 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	EAF dust biochar effective permittivity microwave heating carbothermical reduction effective medium theory Mining engineering. Metallurgy TN1-997
spellingShingle	EAF dust biochar effective permittivity microwave heating carbothermical reduction effective medium theory Mining engineering. Metallurgy TN1-997 Anton Anzulevich Leonid Butko Dmitrii Kalganov Dmitrii Pavlov Valentin Tolkachev Alexander Fedii Vasiliy Buchelnikov Zhiwei Peng Optimization of the Microwave-Assisted Carbothermical Reduction Process for Metals from Electric Arc Furnace Dust with Biochar
description	The main purpose of this work was to extract valuable metals from EAF dust with the addition of biochar, using microwaves to control and optimize the carbothermical reduction process. To achieve better microwave penetration and the most homogeneous electromagnetic heat source distribution possible in a sample, the content of EAF dust and biochar in centimeter-size spherical particles prepared by the pelletization process was considered to be radially heterogeneous. The content of EAF dust was determined experimentally and the effective permittivity, permeability, and thermal conductivity of the EAF dust as well as biochar–EAF powder mixture were determined using effective medium approximation. The microwave heating of a multilayered pellet of biochar-containing EAF dust was simulated and investigated. The influence of the distribution of the components within the pellet on the effectiveness of the microwave heating was investigated, as was the influence of the biochar conductivity. The interaction of the pellet with both plane waves in free space and with H10 mode waves in a single-mode waveguide was considered. The most optimal distribution of EAF dust and biochar within the pellet for the reduction process was determined.
format	article
author	Anton Anzulevich Leonid Butko Dmitrii Kalganov Dmitrii Pavlov Valentin Tolkachev Alexander Fedii Vasiliy Buchelnikov Zhiwei Peng
author_facet	Anton Anzulevich Leonid Butko Dmitrii Kalganov Dmitrii Pavlov Valentin Tolkachev Alexander Fedii Vasiliy Buchelnikov Zhiwei Peng
author_sort	Anton Anzulevich
title	Optimization of the Microwave-Assisted Carbothermical Reduction Process for Metals from Electric Arc Furnace Dust with Biochar
title_short	Optimization of the Microwave-Assisted Carbothermical Reduction Process for Metals from Electric Arc Furnace Dust with Biochar
title_full	Optimization of the Microwave-Assisted Carbothermical Reduction Process for Metals from Electric Arc Furnace Dust with Biochar
title_fullStr	Optimization of the Microwave-Assisted Carbothermical Reduction Process for Metals from Electric Arc Furnace Dust with Biochar
title_full_unstemmed	Optimization of the Microwave-Assisted Carbothermical Reduction Process for Metals from Electric Arc Furnace Dust with Biochar
title_sort	optimization of the microwave-assisted carbothermical reduction process for metals from electric arc furnace dust with biochar
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/fb238b9eaca441429447a9f68b39ee6a
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Optimization of the Microwave-Assisted Carbothermical Reduction Process for Metals from Electric Arc Furnace Dust with Biochar

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