Chaos game representation and its applications in bioinformatics
Chaos game representation (CGR), a milestone in graphical bioinformatics, has become a powerful tool regarding alignment-free sequence comparison and feature encoding for machine learning. The algorithm maps a sequence to 2-dimensional space, while an extension of the CGR, the so-called frequency ma...
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2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:fb3dc2c1d611491eb0e36dcbadfcea882021-11-30T04:15:25ZChaos game representation and its applications in bioinformatics2001-037010.1016/j.csbj.2021.11.008https://doaj.org/article/fb3dc2c1d611491eb0e36dcbadfcea882021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2001037021004736https://doaj.org/toc/2001-0370Chaos game representation (CGR), a milestone in graphical bioinformatics, has become a powerful tool regarding alignment-free sequence comparison and feature encoding for machine learning. The algorithm maps a sequence to 2-dimensional space, while an extension of the CGR, the so-called frequency matrix representation (FCGR), transforms sequences of different lengths into equal-sized images or matrices. The CGR is a generalized Markov chain and includes various properties, which allow a unique representation of a sequence. Therefore, it has a broad spectrum of applications in bioinformatics, such as sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis and as an encoding of sequences for machine learning. This review introduces the construction of CGRs and FCGRs, their applications on DNA and proteins, and gives an overview of recent applications and progress in bioinformatics.Hannah Franziska LöchelDominik HeiderElsevierarticleChaos game representationBioinformaticsSequence analysisAlignment-free sequence comparisonDNA and protein encodingMachine learningBiotechnologyTP248.13-248.65ENComputational and Structural Biotechnology Journal, Vol 19, Iss , Pp 6263-6271 (2021) |
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Chaos game representation Bioinformatics Sequence analysis Alignment-free sequence comparison DNA and protein encoding Machine learning Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65 |
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Chaos game representation Bioinformatics Sequence analysis Alignment-free sequence comparison DNA and protein encoding Machine learning Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65 Hannah Franziska Löchel Dominik Heider Chaos game representation and its applications in bioinformatics |
description |
Chaos game representation (CGR), a milestone in graphical bioinformatics, has become a powerful tool regarding alignment-free sequence comparison and feature encoding for machine learning. The algorithm maps a sequence to 2-dimensional space, while an extension of the CGR, the so-called frequency matrix representation (FCGR), transforms sequences of different lengths into equal-sized images or matrices. The CGR is a generalized Markov chain and includes various properties, which allow a unique representation of a sequence. Therefore, it has a broad spectrum of applications in bioinformatics, such as sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis and as an encoding of sequences for machine learning. This review introduces the construction of CGRs and FCGRs, their applications on DNA and proteins, and gives an overview of recent applications and progress in bioinformatics. |
format |
article |
author |
Hannah Franziska Löchel Dominik Heider |
author_facet |
Hannah Franziska Löchel Dominik Heider |
author_sort |
Hannah Franziska Löchel |
title |
Chaos game representation and its applications in bioinformatics |
title_short |
Chaos game representation and its applications in bioinformatics |
title_full |
Chaos game representation and its applications in bioinformatics |
title_fullStr |
Chaos game representation and its applications in bioinformatics |
title_full_unstemmed |
Chaos game representation and its applications in bioinformatics |
title_sort |
chaos game representation and its applications in bioinformatics |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doaj.org/article/fb3dc2c1d611491eb0e36dcbadfcea88 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT hannahfranziskalochel chaosgamerepresentationanditsapplicationsinbioinformatics AT dominikheider chaosgamerepresentationanditsapplicationsinbioinformatics |
_version_ |
1718406841209192448 |