Molecular Immune-Inflammatory Connections between Dietary Fats and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: Which Translation into Clinics?

Current guidelines recommend reducing the daily intake of dietary fats for the prevention of ischemic cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Avoiding saturated fats while increasing the intake of mono- or polyunsaturated fatty acids has been for long time the cornerstone of dietary approaches in cardiovasc...

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Autores principales:	Elisa Mattavelli, Alberico Luigi Catapano, Andrea Baragetti
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	dietary lipids immune-inflammation cardiovascular disease microbiota Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/fb60443f62cd40a2aad2052a3ef0e1b6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:fb60443f62cd40a2aad2052a3ef0e1b62021-11-25T18:33:54ZMolecular Immune-Inflammatory Connections between Dietary Fats and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: Which Translation into Clinics?10.3390/nu131137682072-6643https://doaj.org/article/fb60443f62cd40a2aad2052a3ef0e1b62021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/3768https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6643Current guidelines recommend reducing the daily intake of dietary fats for the prevention of ischemic cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Avoiding saturated fats while increasing the intake of mono- or polyunsaturated fatty acids has been for long time the cornerstone of dietary approaches in cardiovascular prevention, mainly due to the metabolic effects of these molecules. However, recently, this approach has been critically revised. The experimental evidence, in fact, supports the concept that the pro- or anti-inflammatory potential of different dietary fats contributes to atherogenic or anti-atherogenic cellular and molecular processes beyond (or in addition to) their metabolic effects. All these aspects are hardly translatable into clinics when trying to find connections between the pro-/anti-inflammatory potential of dietary lipids and their effects on CVD outcomes. Interventional trials, although providing stronger potential for causal inference, are typically small sample-sized, and they have short follow-up, noncompliance, and high attrition rates. Besides, observational studies are confounded by a number of variables and the quantification of dietary intakes is far from optimal. A better understanding of the anatomic and physiological barriers for the absorption and the players involved in the metabolism of dietary lipids (e.g., gut microbiota) might be an alternative strategy in the attempt to provide a first step towards a personalized dietary approach in CVD prevention.Elisa MattavelliAlberico Luigi CatapanoAndrea BaragettiMDPI AGarticledietary lipidsimmune-inflammationcardiovascular diseasemicrobiotaNutrition. Foods and food supplyTX341-641ENNutrients, Vol 13, Iss 3768, p 3768 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	dietary lipids immune-inflammation cardiovascular disease microbiota Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
spellingShingle	dietary lipids immune-inflammation cardiovascular disease microbiota Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Elisa Mattavelli Alberico Luigi Catapano Andrea Baragetti Molecular Immune-Inflammatory Connections between Dietary Fats and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: Which Translation into Clinics?
description	Current guidelines recommend reducing the daily intake of dietary fats for the prevention of ischemic cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Avoiding saturated fats while increasing the intake of mono- or polyunsaturated fatty acids has been for long time the cornerstone of dietary approaches in cardiovascular prevention, mainly due to the metabolic effects of these molecules. However, recently, this approach has been critically revised. The experimental evidence, in fact, supports the concept that the pro- or anti-inflammatory potential of different dietary fats contributes to atherogenic or anti-atherogenic cellular and molecular processes beyond (or in addition to) their metabolic effects. All these aspects are hardly translatable into clinics when trying to find connections between the pro-/anti-inflammatory potential of dietary lipids and their effects on CVD outcomes. Interventional trials, although providing stronger potential for causal inference, are typically small sample-sized, and they have short follow-up, noncompliance, and high attrition rates. Besides, observational studies are confounded by a number of variables and the quantification of dietary intakes is far from optimal. A better understanding of the anatomic and physiological barriers for the absorption and the players involved in the metabolism of dietary lipids (e.g., gut microbiota) might be an alternative strategy in the attempt to provide a first step towards a personalized dietary approach in CVD prevention.
format	article
author	Elisa Mattavelli Alberico Luigi Catapano Andrea Baragetti
author_facet	Elisa Mattavelli Alberico Luigi Catapano Andrea Baragetti
author_sort	Elisa Mattavelli
title	Molecular Immune-Inflammatory Connections between Dietary Fats and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: Which Translation into Clinics?
title_short	Molecular Immune-Inflammatory Connections between Dietary Fats and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: Which Translation into Clinics?
title_full	Molecular Immune-Inflammatory Connections between Dietary Fats and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: Which Translation into Clinics?
title_fullStr	Molecular Immune-Inflammatory Connections between Dietary Fats and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: Which Translation into Clinics?
title_full_unstemmed	Molecular Immune-Inflammatory Connections between Dietary Fats and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: Which Translation into Clinics?
title_sort	molecular immune-inflammatory connections between dietary fats and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: which translation into clinics?
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/fb60443f62cd40a2aad2052a3ef0e1b6
work_keys_str_mv	AT elisamattavelli molecularimmuneinflammatoryconnectionsbetweendietaryfatsandatheroscleroticcardiovasculardiseasewhichtranslationintoclinics AT albericoluigicatapano molecularimmuneinflammatoryconnectionsbetweendietaryfatsandatheroscleroticcardiovasculardiseasewhichtranslationintoclinics AT andreabaragetti molecularimmuneinflammatoryconnectionsbetweendietaryfatsandatheroscleroticcardiovasculardiseasewhichtranslationintoclinics
_version_	1718410992130457600

Molecular Immune-Inflammatory Connections between Dietary Fats and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: Which Translation into Clinics?

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