Can Alkyl Quaternary Ammonium Cations Substitute H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> in Controlling Cyanobacterial Blooms—Laboratory and Mesocosm Studies
Mitigation of harmful cyanobacterial blooms that constitute a serious threat to water quality, particularly in eutrophic water, such as in aquaculture, is essential. Thus, in this study, we tested the efficacy of selected cyanocides towards bloom control in laboratory and outdoor mesocosm experiment...
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2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:fbe40f963b124579a0737476480c6a7b2021-11-25T18:24:39ZCan Alkyl Quaternary Ammonium Cations Substitute H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> in Controlling Cyanobacterial Blooms—Laboratory and Mesocosm Studies10.3390/microorganisms91122582076-2607https://doaj.org/article/fbe40f963b124579a0737476480c6a7b2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/11/2258https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2607Mitigation of harmful cyanobacterial blooms that constitute a serious threat to water quality, particularly in eutrophic water, such as in aquaculture, is essential. Thus, in this study, we tested the efficacy of selected cyanocides towards bloom control in laboratory and outdoor mesocosm experiments. Specifically, we focused on the applicability of a group of cationic disinfectants, alkyltrimethyl ammonium (ATMA) compounds and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. The biocidal effect of four ATMA cations with different alkyl chain lengths was evaluated ex situ using <i>Microcystis</i> colonies collected from a fish pond. The most effective compound, octadecyl trimethyl ammonium (ODTMA), was further evaluated for its selectivity towards 24 cyanobacteria and eukaryotic algae species, including Cyanobacteria, Chlorophyta, Bacillariophyta, Euglenozoa and Cryptophyta. The results indicated selective inhibition of cyanobacteria by ODTMA-Br (C18) on both Chroccocales and Nostocales, but a minor effect on Chlorophytes and Bacillariophytes. The efficacy of ODTMA-Br (C18) (6.4 μM) in mitigating the <i>Microcystis</i> population was compared with that of a single low dose of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> treatments (117.6 μM). ODTMA-Br (C18) suppressed the regrowth of <i>Microcystis</i> for a longer duration than did H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. The results suggested that ODTMA-Br (C18) may be used as an effective cyanocide and that it is worth further evaluating this group of cationic compounds as a treatment to mitigate cyanobacterial blooms in aquaculture.Xinya ZhangYiruo XiaYunlu JiaAssaf SukenikAaron KaplanChanyuan SongGuofei DaiFang BaiLin LiLirong SongMDPI AGarticlecyanocide<i>Microcystis</i>cationic surfactantinactivationaquacultureBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENMicroorganisms, Vol 9, Iss 2258, p 2258 (2021) |
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cyanocide <i>Microcystis</i> cationic surfactant inactivation aquaculture Biology (General) QH301-705.5 |
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cyanocide <i>Microcystis</i> cationic surfactant inactivation aquaculture Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Xinya Zhang Yiruo Xia Yunlu Jia Assaf Sukenik Aaron Kaplan Chanyuan Song Guofei Dai Fang Bai Lin Li Lirong Song Can Alkyl Quaternary Ammonium Cations Substitute H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> in Controlling Cyanobacterial Blooms—Laboratory and Mesocosm Studies |
| description |
Mitigation of harmful cyanobacterial blooms that constitute a serious threat to water quality, particularly in eutrophic water, such as in aquaculture, is essential. Thus, in this study, we tested the efficacy of selected cyanocides towards bloom control in laboratory and outdoor mesocosm experiments. Specifically, we focused on the applicability of a group of cationic disinfectants, alkyltrimethyl ammonium (ATMA) compounds and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. The biocidal effect of four ATMA cations with different alkyl chain lengths was evaluated ex situ using <i>Microcystis</i> colonies collected from a fish pond. The most effective compound, octadecyl trimethyl ammonium (ODTMA), was further evaluated for its selectivity towards 24 cyanobacteria and eukaryotic algae species, including Cyanobacteria, Chlorophyta, Bacillariophyta, Euglenozoa and Cryptophyta. The results indicated selective inhibition of cyanobacteria by ODTMA-Br (C18) on both Chroccocales and Nostocales, but a minor effect on Chlorophytes and Bacillariophytes. The efficacy of ODTMA-Br (C18) (6.4 μM) in mitigating the <i>Microcystis</i> population was compared with that of a single low dose of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> treatments (117.6 μM). ODTMA-Br (C18) suppressed the regrowth of <i>Microcystis</i> for a longer duration than did H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. The results suggested that ODTMA-Br (C18) may be used as an effective cyanocide and that it is worth further evaluating this group of cationic compounds as a treatment to mitigate cyanobacterial blooms in aquaculture. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Xinya Zhang Yiruo Xia Yunlu Jia Assaf Sukenik Aaron Kaplan Chanyuan Song Guofei Dai Fang Bai Lin Li Lirong Song |
| author_facet |
Xinya Zhang Yiruo Xia Yunlu Jia Assaf Sukenik Aaron Kaplan Chanyuan Song Guofei Dai Fang Bai Lin Li Lirong Song |
| author_sort |
Xinya Zhang |
| title |
Can Alkyl Quaternary Ammonium Cations Substitute H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> in Controlling Cyanobacterial Blooms—Laboratory and Mesocosm Studies |
| title_short |
Can Alkyl Quaternary Ammonium Cations Substitute H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> in Controlling Cyanobacterial Blooms—Laboratory and Mesocosm Studies |
| title_full |
Can Alkyl Quaternary Ammonium Cations Substitute H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> in Controlling Cyanobacterial Blooms—Laboratory and Mesocosm Studies |
| title_fullStr |
Can Alkyl Quaternary Ammonium Cations Substitute H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> in Controlling Cyanobacterial Blooms—Laboratory and Mesocosm Studies |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Can Alkyl Quaternary Ammonium Cations Substitute H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> in Controlling Cyanobacterial Blooms—Laboratory and Mesocosm Studies |
| title_sort |
can alkyl quaternary ammonium cations substitute h<sub>2</sub>o<sub>2</sub> in controlling cyanobacterial blooms—laboratory and mesocosm studies |
| publisher |
MDPI AG |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/fbe40f963b124579a0737476480c6a7b |
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