Cytokines as Biomarkers in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Value for Diagnosis and Drug Therapy

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease. The disease is characterized by activation and dysregulation of both the innate and the adaptive immune systems. The autoimmune response targets self-molecules including cell nuclei, double stranded DNA and other intra and extracell...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Helena Idborg, Vilija Oke
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	lupus systemic lupus erythematosus SLE biomarkers cytokines interferons Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/fbe6cb65d46b41c3a5ddafe8b6f429e7
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:fbe6cb65d46b41c3a5ddafe8b6f429e7
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:fbe6cb65d46b41c3a5ddafe8b6f429e72021-11-11T16:48:39ZCytokines as Biomarkers in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Value for Diagnosis and Drug Therapy10.3390/ijms2221113271422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/fbe6cb65d46b41c3a5ddafe8b6f429e72021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/21/11327https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease. The disease is characterized by activation and dysregulation of both the innate and the adaptive immune systems. The autoimmune response targets self-molecules including cell nuclei, double stranded DNA and other intra and extracellular structures. Multiple susceptibility genes within the immune system have been identified, as well as disturbances in different immune pathways. SLE may affect different organs and organ systems, and organ involvement is diverse among individuals. A universal understanding of pathophysiological mechanism of the disease, as well as directed therapies, are still missing. Cytokines are immunomodulating molecules produced by cells of the immune system. Interferons (IFNs) are a broad group of cytokines, primarily produced by the innate immune system. The IFN system has been observed to be dysregulated in SLE, and therefore IFNs have been extensively studied with a hope to understand the disease mechanisms and identify novel targeted therapies. In several autoimmune diseases identification and subsequent blockade of specific cytokines has led to successful therapies, for example tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) inhibition in rheumatoid arthritis. Authors of this review have sought corresponding developments in SLE. In the current review, we cover the actual knowledge on IFNs and other studied cytokines as biomarkers and treatment targets in SLE.Helena IdborgVilija OkeMDPI AGarticlelupussystemic lupus erythematosusSLEbiomarkerscytokinesinterferonsBiology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 11327, p 11327 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	lupus systemic lupus erythematosus SLE biomarkers cytokines interferons Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	lupus systemic lupus erythematosus SLE biomarkers cytokines interferons Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 Helena Idborg Vilija Oke Cytokines as Biomarkers in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Value for Diagnosis and Drug Therapy
description	Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease. The disease is characterized by activation and dysregulation of both the innate and the adaptive immune systems. The autoimmune response targets self-molecules including cell nuclei, double stranded DNA and other intra and extracellular structures. Multiple susceptibility genes within the immune system have been identified, as well as disturbances in different immune pathways. SLE may affect different organs and organ systems, and organ involvement is diverse among individuals. A universal understanding of pathophysiological mechanism of the disease, as well as directed therapies, are still missing. Cytokines are immunomodulating molecules produced by cells of the immune system. Interferons (IFNs) are a broad group of cytokines, primarily produced by the innate immune system. The IFN system has been observed to be dysregulated in SLE, and therefore IFNs have been extensively studied with a hope to understand the disease mechanisms and identify novel targeted therapies. In several autoimmune diseases identification and subsequent blockade of specific cytokines has led to successful therapies, for example tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) inhibition in rheumatoid arthritis. Authors of this review have sought corresponding developments in SLE. In the current review, we cover the actual knowledge on IFNs and other studied cytokines as biomarkers and treatment targets in SLE.
format	article
author	Helena Idborg Vilija Oke
author_facet	Helena Idborg Vilija Oke
author_sort	Helena Idborg
title	Cytokines as Biomarkers in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Value for Diagnosis and Drug Therapy
title_short	Cytokines as Biomarkers in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Value for Diagnosis and Drug Therapy
title_full	Cytokines as Biomarkers in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Value for Diagnosis and Drug Therapy
title_fullStr	Cytokines as Biomarkers in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Value for Diagnosis and Drug Therapy
title_full_unstemmed	Cytokines as Biomarkers in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Value for Diagnosis and Drug Therapy
title_sort	cytokines as biomarkers in systemic lupus erythematosus: value for diagnosis and drug therapy
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/fbe6cb65d46b41c3a5ddafe8b6f429e7
work_keys_str_mv	AT helenaidborg cytokinesasbiomarkersinsystemiclupuserythematosusvaluefordiagnosisanddrugtherapy AT vilijaoke cytokinesasbiomarkersinsystemiclupuserythematosusvaluefordiagnosisanddrugtherapy
_version_	1718432276865351680

Cytokines as Biomarkers in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Value for Diagnosis and Drug Therapy

Ejemplares similares